关涉性、使真者与本体论的优先性——关涉性使真者理论及其困境

Aboutness,Truthmakers and the Priority of Ontology:The Aboutness-Truthmaking Theory and Its Dilemma

使真者理论是当代本体论讨论中的热门主题,但是传统上对使真关系的刻画面临相关性难题。为解决这一困难,许多哲学家试图用关涉性限制使真关系。这是使真者理论中最主流的路径之一,但它面临一个显著问题,即所有真理都需要使真者,但并非所有真理都具有存在的主题。本文尝试讨论三种对这一问题的可能回应,并论证这三种方案都无法使关涉性使真者理论摆脱这一困境。本文最后指出,放弃关涉性使真者理论可以为本体论研究开拓新的可能性空间。

Truthmaker theory is a heated topic in contemporary ontological research.The problem of relevance is one of the most serious problems faced by the traditional characterization of truthmaking relation.One of the most mainstream solution of this problem is using aboutness to constrain this relation.However,this approach faces a serious problem:all truths need truthmakers while some of them are not about anything that exists.By scrutinizing three possible responses to this problem,this article tries to argue that all these responses are not satisfying and this approach to truthmaker theory should be abandoned.Abandoning this theory could give rise to new possible potential development space for ontological research.