大数据时代生命伦理研究的机遇与挑战

The Opportunities and Challenges of Bioethics Research in the Era of Big Data

在大数据时代,数据成为生命医学的核心要素,在生命组学、临床医学及生物样本库等领域应用广泛,给生命伦理研究带来了全新机遇与严峻挑战。大数据时代生命伦理研究的机遇表现为将生命伦理论域由"个体善"向"公共善"拓展,促进生命伦理研究方法由质性与量性研究向多学科融合集成化研究转向,推动生命伦理治理由"一元化"向"多元论"变迁;但同时,也面临着大数据分析结果与真实生命伦理问题的偏离,导致生命伦理研究的数据主义,缺乏大数据意识和大数据人才等严峻挑战。这种双重境遇展现了大数据时代生命伦理研究的趋势与困境,理应受到当代生命伦理学者的广泛关注与重视。

In the era of big data,data has become a core element of Biomedicine.It has been widely used in such fields as bio-genomics,clinical medicine,and biobanks.It has also brought new opportunities and severe challenges to Bioethics research.The opportunities are manifested in expanding bioethics domain from"individual good"to"public good",promoting the transition from qualitative and quantitative research methods to multidisciplinary integration,and enhancing the evolution of bioethical governance from"Monism"to"Pluralism".At the same time,however,it is also faced with some severe challenges such as possible deviations between results of big data analyses and real bioethical issues,leading to dataism in bioethical research,and lack of big data awareness and big data talents.Such dual situations show the trend and dilemma of bioethical research in the era of big data,which should be widely concerned and valued by contemporary bioethics scholars.