城市蔓延与生产率:促进还是抑制?--基于夜间灯光数据的分析

Urban sprawl and productivity : Promotion or suppression? Analysis based on night light data

城市蔓延有利于提高城市生产率吗?文章首先从城市规模、城市人口密度两个方面阐释城市蔓延影响生产率的内在机理,基于长江经济带104个城市2002年~2013年夜间灯光数据,实证研究了城市蔓延的生产率效应,主要结论如下:1)城市蔓延对长江经济带生产率具有显著负向影响,意味着城市无序,低密度扩张阻碍了长江经济带生产率的提高.2)分区域研究发现,城市蔓延对东、中、西部地区城市生产率的影响为负,但对东部地区生产率影响最小,对中西部地区生产率产生较大影响.3)分产业研究发现,城市蔓延降低第二产业生产率的同时显著提升了第三产业生产率.4)考虑空间溢出效应的空间杜宾模型研究发现,城市蔓延影响生产率的直接效应与间接效应均显著为负,且间接效应远大于直接效应,意味着城市蔓延对长江经济带城市生产率的影响具有明显的空间溢出效应.

Is urban sprawl conducive to improving urban productivity? The paper explains theoretically the intrinsic mechanism of how urban sprawl affects productivity from urban scale and urban population density,and then,based on the night light data of 104 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2002-2013,empirically studies the productivity effects of urban sprawl. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) Urban sprawl has a significant negative impact on the productivity of the Yangtze River Economic Belt,which means that urban sprawl and low-density expansion hinder the productivity of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. 2) The regional study finds that urban sprawl has negative effects on urban productivity in eastern,central and western regions,has the minimum impact on productivity in the east,and has a greater impact on productivity in the central and western regions. 3) The research of the branch industry finds that urban sprawl reduces secondary productivity while significantly increasing the productivity of the service sector. 4) The Durbin model with spatial spillover effects tells that the direct and indirect effects of urban sprawl on productivity are significantly negative,and that the indirect effects are much greater than the direct,which means urban sprawl has significant spatial spillover effects on the urban productivity of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.