氯霉素降解菌的分离筛选及降解性能研究

Study on Isolation and Screening of Chloramphenicol Degrading Bacteria and Degradation Property

从施用由猪粪堆肥制成的有机肥的土壤中筛选、驯化出一株能以氯霉素为唯一碳源的降解菌。经形态学特征观察及16S rDNA序列分析,初步鉴定该菌株属于假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas sp.),命名为CAP_CXMF。通过控制单一变量探讨菌株的最佳生长条件以及不同外加碳氮源对降解菌降解率的影响。结果表明,在氯霉素初始浓度为300 mg/L、接种量10%、温度20℃、转速160 r/min、pH为7时,该菌株对氯霉素的降解率达72.55%,添加一定量的酵母膏和葡萄糖后的降解率分别为73.15%和72.80%。该菌株对氯霉素有良好的降解性能,可以用于治理环境中的氯霉素污染问题,并为生物降解抗生素提供一种新的优势菌株。

Isolating and screening a highly efficient chloramphenicol-degrading strain with chloramphenicol as the sole carbon source from soil applying organic fertilizer made from pig manure compost.The strain named as CAP_CXMF was initially identified as Pseudomonas sp.by morphological observation and 16S rDNA sequence analysis.The growth and the degradation of CAP were investigated in this research.The results showed that the chloramphenicol degradation rate with the initial concentration of 300 mg/L,the inoculation amount was 10%,the temperature was 20℃,the rotation speed was 160 r/min,and the pH was 7,reached 72.55%.The strain had a high degradation efficiency and the degradation rate after adding yeast extract was 73.15%,as well as adding glucose was 72.80%.Due to its good degradation performance,it could be used for the treatment of chloramphenicol antibiotic pollution,providing a new dominant strain for the biological treatment of chloramphenicol.