利用生命表评价天敌昆虫防治栗山天牛的效果

Evaluation of biocontrol effects against Massicus raddei by life table method

为科学评价天敌昆虫对栗山天牛Massicus raddei的控制作用,2015-2017年在辽宁省宽甸县对该虫进行了自然种群生命表调查。设置3个不同梯度的天敌释放处理区A、B、C和1个不进行任何处理的对照区,调查每个处理区及对照区连续3年的生命表数据并进行分析比较。结果表明:A区、B区、C区和对照区的种群趋势指数分别为2.601 5、3.358 2、6.817 6和12.903 5;处理A区、B区的种群趋势指数均远低于对照区,都具有显著的生物防治效果;3个处理区的防治效果由高到低的排列顺序为A区> B区> C区;其中处理A区,即每株受害树释放白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂Sclerodermus pupariae成虫150头、花绒寄甲Dastarcus helophoroides成虫30头及卵卡3张的种群趋势指数比对照区降低了79.84%,栗山天牛的种群数量明显降低,因而处理A区的生物防治效果最显著,可作为栗山天牛的主要生物防治措施在生产中推广应用。

In order to evaluate the biocontrol effects of natural enemy insect against Massicus raddei scientifically,the life table for the natural populations of M. raddei was carried out in Kuandian County,Liaoning Province. 3 treatments( A,B,C) for releasing different number of insect enemies and 1 control( CK) area were set up. Life table data of the treatment areas and control area were investigated for 3 consecutive years,and were compared for analysis. The results showed that index of population trend for treatment A,B,C and CK were 2. 6015、3. 3582、6. 8176 and 12. 9035,respectively. From life table analysis,indexes of population trend for treatment A and treatment B were both far lower than CK,both showed pronounced biocontrol effects. The biocontrol effects of the 3 treatments from high to low were as follows: A > B > C. The index of population trend of treatment A,which released 150 adults of Sclerodermus pupariae per tree,30 adults and 3 egg cards of Dastarcus helophoroides per tree,decreased 79. 84% compared to CK,and the population of M. raddei decreased significantly. Therefore,treatment A showed the most promising biocontrol effects,which was recommended for management of M. raddei in practice.