红锥种源/家系生长性状遗传变异分析及选择

Analysis and selection of genetic variation on growth traits among provenances/families of Castanopsis hystrix

[目的]为红锥良种选育和开发利用提供优良基因资源。[方法]在闽南地区开展红锥种源/家系试验,采用方差分析、遗传参数分析和聚类分析对红锥种源和家系的生长量进行评价和选择。[结果]参试种源/家系的适应性较强,保存率均较高且不同家系的保存率达极显著差异,7年生不同种源/家系间的树高、胸径和材积差异极显著,遗传变异较大,广义遗传力较高,种源的生长性状遗传力达86.64%~88.79%,家系达79.76%~90.49%;经方差分析、多重比较,初步选出福建华安、广西凭祥和福建安溪为优良种源,这些种源7年生保存率均在80%以上,树高、胸径和材积遗传增益分别达到4.66%~12.54%、7.90%~16.05%和18.19%~44.84%。选出优良的红锥家系为GW36、A309、HC23、GW33和华安西林3,这些家系7年生保存率为82.67%~87.33%,树高、胸径和材积遗传增益分别达10.63%~14.90%、7.75%~22.78%和27.60%~69.57%,增产效果明显。[结论]初步选出福建华安、广西凭祥和福建安溪为优良种源,GW36、A309、HC23、GW33和华安西林3为优良家系,这些种源和家系均具有较高的遗传增益,可在生产上进行中试、应用,也可作为后续育种研究的优良种质材料。

[Purpose]To provide excellent genetic resources for the selection,breeding,development and utilization of Castanopsis hystrix.[Method]C.hystrix provenance/family test was conducted in Southern Fujian.The growth traits of C.hystrix provenances and families were evaluated and selected by analysis of variance,genetic parameter analysis,and cluster analysis.[Result]The tested provenances and families were highly adaptable,with high survival rate of afforestation.There were extremely significant differences on survival rate between different families.The tree height,DBH and volume from different 7-year-old C.hystrix provenances and families were significantly different with a relatively high genetic variation and large and high heritability in the broad sense.The heritability of the growth traits reached 86.64%-88.79% for the provenances and 79.76%-90.49% for the families.Based on analysis of variance and multiple comparison results,Fujian Hua'an,Guangxi Pingxiang and Fujian Anxi were selected as superior provenances.The survival rates of these 7-year-old provenances were more than 80%.The genetic gains of tree height,DBH and volume of these provenances reached 4.66%-12.54%,7.90%-16.05% and 18.19%-44.84%,respectively.GW36,A309,HC23,GW33,and Hua'an Xilin 3 were selected as superior families.The forest survival rate of these families reached 82.67%-87.33%.Genetic gain of tree height,DBH and volume of these families reached 10.63%-14.90%,7.75%-22.78% and 27.60%-69.57%,respectively and the effect of increasing production was obvious.[Conclusion]Fujian Hua′an,Guangxi Pingxiang and Fujian Anxi were preliminarily selected as excellent provenance sources;GW36,A309,HC23,GW33 and Hua'an Xilin 3 as superior families.The selected provenances and families have high genetic gains and can be used in pilot production and as excellent germplasm materials in subsequent breeding research.