康普顿相机成像技术进展

Review of Compton camera imaging technology development

康普顿相机是一种新型的γ射线成像模式,由于没有机械准直结构,它在探测效率等方面有着其它γ射线成像模式所不具备的独特优势。由于这些优势,康普顿相机系统在天文观测、医学成像、环境辐射监测、质子治疗等多个领域得到很好的应用。随着探测器技术和电子学技术的发展,从闪烁体探测器到性能更佳的半导体探测器,康普顿相机系统不断被优化。此外,除了传统的双层探测器结构康普顿相机,各种新型的结构如“分离式”结构、“一体式结构”也不断被提出。本文从康普顿相机的成像原理、重建算法和影响其性能指标的关键因素等方面进行了调研和综述,并总结了康普顿相机技术的最新进展和最高水平的性能指标。

Compton camera(CC)is a new type gamma-ray imaging modality.Because CC has no mechanical collimation structure,it has unique advantages in detection efficiency compared with other gamma-ray imaging modalities.Due to these advantages,Compton camera system is well applied in many fields,such as astronomical observation,medical imaging,environmental radiation monitoring,proton therapy and so on.With the development of emerging detector technology and electronics technology,Compton camera systems have been continuously optimized from scintillator detectors to high-performance semiconductor detectors.Moreover,except for traditional dual-layer detector structure Compton camera,new structures have also been proposed,such as"separate"structure and"integrated"structure.In this paper,the imaging principle,reconstruction algorithm and key factors affecting the performance of Compton camera,as well as the latest development of Compton cameras worldwide,are investigated and summarized.The imaging angular resolution of state-of-the-art Compton cameras generally reaches several degrees,and the spatial resolution reaches the order of 1 mm.