基于多源数据的河北省涉县公共服务设施优化研究

Research on Optimization of Public Service Facilities Based on Multi-source Data in Shexian County of Hebei Province

城市公共服务设施是社会各类公共产品和服务的空间载体,其合理的分布对提升居民生活质量具有重要意义.突如其来的新冠疫情给城市各类公共服务设施带来了极大的考验.采用高德地图POI数据与政府资料等多源数据,运用ArcGIS软件对邯郸市涉县主城区各类公共服务设施进行平均最近邻分析、多距离空间聚类分析和核密度分析.结果表明:购物、餐饮、金融、教育、医疗、公共交通设施空间上呈聚集特征,文体、养老、休闲游憩设施空间上呈随机模式;经营性设施聚集程度普遍高于公益性设施,医疗设施聚集强度和聚集规模最大,公共交通设施聚集强度和聚集规模最小;西部老城区各类设施密度高于东部新城区,医疗、休闲游憩、社会福利设施与居住小区分布存在空间上的不匹配.研究成果可为公共服务设施优化及居民生活质量提升提供参考.

Urban public service facilities are the spatial carriers of various public products and services in society,and their reasonable distribution is of great significance to improving the quality of life of residents.The sudden new crown epidemic has brought a great test on various public service facilities in cities.Uses multi-source data such as POI data of Gaode map and government data,and using ArcGIS software to perform average nearest index analysis,multi-distance spatial clustering analysis,and nuclear density analysis of various public service facilities in the main urban area of Shexian County,Handan City.The results show that:shopping,catering,finance,education,medical care,and public transportation facilities are spatially clustered,and cultural,sports,elderly care,leisure and recreation facilities are spatially random;the concentration of operational facilities is generally higher than that of public welfare facilities;the concentration and scale of medical facilities are the largest,and the concentration and scale of public transportation facilities are the smallest;the density of various facilities in the western old city is higher than that of the eastern new city,and there is a spatial mismatch between the distribution of medical,leisure and recreation,and social welfare facilities with the residential community.The research results can provide references for optimization of public service facilities and the improvement of the residents’quality of life.