m^(6)A甲基化修饰与消化道恶性肿瘤关系的研究进展

Research Advances in Roles of m^(6)A in Malignancies of Digestive Tract

N^(6)-甲基腺嘌呤(m^(6)A)甲基化修饰是RNA分子上一种最普遍的表观遗传修饰,该修饰过程可逆,多种酶参与了m^(6)A甲基化修饰的动态过程。随着高通量检测技术的发展,目前用于检测m^(6)A甲基化修饰位点的方法较多,m^(6)A甲基化修饰可导致多种恶性肿瘤的发生、发展、侵袭,而相关调节剂或抑制剂可能为恶性肿瘤的治疗提供潜在策略。如胰腺癌细胞中甲基转移酶样蛋白(METTL)3的表达明显增多,通过敲除METTL3可提高患者对放化疗的敏感性。同时,肥胖相关蛋白抑制剂甲氯芬酸可以增加m 6A甲基化修饰,进而达到抑制肿瘤进展的目的。

The methylation of N^(6)-methyladenine(m 6A)is one of the most common epigenetic modifications on RNA molecules.This modification process is reversible,and a variety of enzymes participate in the dynamic process of m^(6)A methylation modification.With the development of high-throughput detection technology,there are many methods to detect the methylation modification sites of m^(6)A.The methylation modification of m^(6)A can lead to the occurrence,development and invasion of a variety of malignant tumors,and the related regulators or inhibitors may provide potential strategies for the treatment.For example,the expression of methyltransferase like protein(METTL)3 in pancreatic cancer cells is significantly increased,and knockout of METTL3 can improve the sensitivity of the patients to radiotherapy and chemotherapy.At the same time,meclofenamic acid,an inhibitor of obesity related protein,can increase the methylation of m^(6)A,thus inhibiting tumor progression.