静电纺丝丝素蛋白纳米纤维在骨组织工程中的运用

Applications of Electrospun Silk Nanofibers in Bone Tissue Engineering

骨组织工程(tissue engineering,TE)由支架、细胞、生长因子以及它们在微环境中的相互联系组成。其中,研究设计促进细胞生长和新骨形成的三维支架是骨TE研究的热点。天然丝素蛋白(silk fibroin,SF)具有良好的生物相容性、降解性、机械性和低免疫原性等特征,经过不同的加工技术可形成SF凝胶、海绵、薄膜、纳米纤维或颗粒等结构,在生物材料、生物医学等领域有广泛的应用。静电纺丝技术能直接、连续形成纳米/微米纤维,模拟天然骨细胞外基质(extracellular matrix,ECM),促进细胞黏附和干细胞分化。本文综述了近年来电纺SF纳米纤维在骨TE中的运用进展。

Bone tissue engineering(TE)involves scaffolds,cells,growth factors,and their interrelation in microenvironment.In particular,the investigation of three-dimensional scaffolds that facilitate cell growth and new bone formation is the major concern in bone TE.Silk fibroin(SF)is a natural polymer with remarkable biocompatibility,degradability,mechanical property and low immunogenicity,and it can be processed into gels,sponges,films,nanofibers and particles,which make it favorable for a broad range of applications in biomaterials and biomedical fields.Electrospinning is a simple and versatile technique which produce nanofibrous scaffolds to mimic the hierarchical architecture of an extracellular matrix(ECM)and promote cell adhesion and stem cell differentiation.This review discusses recent advancements of the applications of electrospun SF nanofibers in bone TE.