土壤水分下限对地下渗灌辣椒生长发育及水分利用效率的影响

Effects of the Lower Limit of Soil Moisture on the Growth and Water Use Efficiency of Pepper Under Subsurface Irrigation

通过大田试验对辣椒4个生育时期分别设置不同的土壤水分下限,研究地下渗灌辣椒生长、耗水规律、产量和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明,T3处理[苗期土壤水分下限为65%θ_(f)(θ_(f)为田间持水率)]和T9处理(后果期土壤水分下限为65%θ_(f))对辣椒株高、茎粗等生长指标无显著影响(P>0.05),而T1处理(苗期土壤水分下限为45%θ_(f))使辣椒株高、茎粗和叶面积指数分别比对照显著(P<0.05)小24.67%、21.49%和29.83%。随着土壤水分下限的增加,辣椒耗水量、产量随之增加。T2处理(苗期土壤水分下限为55%θ_(f))的辣椒水分利用效率最佳,比对照处理显著提高10.83%,并且产量与对照处理的产量无显著差异(P>0.05),处于最高水平。因此,T2处理为本试验方案中的最优灌溉方式。

Through field experiments,different soil moisture lower limits were set for the four growth periods of pepper to study the effects of subsurface infiltration irrigation on pepper growth,water consumption,yield and water use efficiency.The results showed that T3 treatment[the lower limit of soil moisture in the seedling stage was 65%θ_(f)(θ_(f)was field water holding capacity)]and T9 treatment(the lower limit of soil moisture in the aftermath was 65%θ_(f))had no significant effect on the growth indexes of pepper plant height and stem thickness(P>0.05).The pepper plant height,stem diameter and leaf area index of T1 treatment(the lower limit of soil moisture at seedling stage was 45%θ_(f))were significantly(P<0.05)lower than those of the control by 24.67%,21.49%and 29.83%,respectively.As the lower limit of soil moisture increases,the water consumption and yield of pepper increase.The water use efficiency of pepper under T2 treatment(the lower limit of soil moisture at seedling stage was 55%θ_(f))was the best,which was 10.83%higher than that of the control treatment,and the yield was not significantly different from that of the control treatment(P>0.05),which was at the highest level.Therefore,T2 treatment was the optimal irrigation method in this experimental scheme.