美国对华贸易政治的实施策略分析--中美经贸摩擦视角

The Implementation Strategy Analysis of America Trade Politics towards China with the Perspective of China-US Trade Frictions

美国对华贸易政策的决策与调整是一个复杂的博弈过程。中美经贸摩擦升级阶段,美国实施的“加征关税”“产业回归”和“WTO改革”等措施正是这一过程的具体体现。美国旨在通过多维度的对华贸易政治策略,从经贸、技术、投资和规则层面约束并延缓中国的发展态势,继续维护美国主导的国际政治经济秩序。拜登执政后,受国内贸易政治氛围影响,中美经贸摩擦将向金融、科技、国际规则和制度层面延伸。为此,中国既要坚守经济安全底线,积极参与中美双边经贸谈判,又要优化投资环境,推动产业升级,提升中国在全球产业链中的吸引力,并积极参与高水平的区域经贸合作,对标国际高标准规则进行制度改革创新,推动“后疫情时代”数字全球化的发展。

The adjustment of American trade policy towards China is a political process full of complication.It shows that during the upgrading period of China-US economic and trade friction,such issues as tariff imposing,industry reshoring and WTO reform are the concrete embodiment of this process.With different kinds of strategies,US tries to realize its fundamental purposes,including restricting China's development speed and space in the fi eld of trade,technology,investment and multilateral rules,so as to maintaining the leading status in the international political and economic order.Under the infl uence of domestic trade politics,the fi eld of China-US trade frictions will extend to fi nance,high technology,multilateral rules and system after Biden taking offi ce.So China should take necessary measures to deal with the future challenges of the US trade policy towards China,such as adhering to the bottom line of Sino-US trade negotiation,optimizing investment environment,deepening the high level regional cooperation and participating the process of digital globalization.