我国市售饮料中游离糖含量研究

The content of total free sugars in commercial sugary beverages in China

目的了解我国市售饮料中游离糖及其单体的含量,为游离糖摄入及其风险评估提供基础数据,为制定完善相关政策提供科学依据。方法根据我国饮料行业产销量并结合地理分布,2015年采集9类饮料样品共计708份;根据美国分析化学家协会(AOAC)2000.17方法,以高效离子色谱-脉冲安培检测法测定其中的单糖和二糖(葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖、半乳糖)含量。结果 708份饮料样品中游离糖含量均值为8.4 g/100 g,其中固体饮料中游离糖含量达41.2 g/100 g,除固体饮料外,果蔬汁类饮料(10.6 g/100 g)、碳酸饮料(9.2 g/100 g)游离糖平均含量较高。葡萄糖含量最高的三类饮料分别为果蔬汁类饮料、碳酸饮料和风味饮料;果糖含量最高的三类饮料分别为碳酸饮料、果蔬汁类饮料和风味饮料;固体饮料、咖啡饮料、蛋白饮料、植物饮料蔗糖含量高于其他种类饮料。36.3%(257/708)的饮料中游离糖含量>10 g/100 g。果蔬汁类饮料(61.8%,89/144)、碳酸饮料(52.8%,84/159)和风味饮料(41.7%,5/12)中游离糖含量>10 g/100 g的比例位居前三位。结论 2015年我国市售饮料中游离糖含量普遍较高,其中果蔬汁饮料、碳酸饮料中游离糖含量高于其他饮料。

Objective To investigate the content of total and individual free sugar in commercial beverages in Chinese market, and collect data for the evaluation of the free sugar intake and the risk assessment in order to provide scientific evidence for policy making. Methods According to the data on the production and sales of beverage industry in China, taking their geographical distribution into account, a total of 708 sugary beverage samples of 9 categories were collected in 2015. The content of monosaccharides and disaccharides(glucose, fructose, sucrose, galactose) were analyzed by high performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperametric detection according to the Association of Official Analytical Chemists(AOAC) official method 2000.17. Results The mean content of free sugar in 708 beverage samples was 8.4 g/100 g, in which the solid beverage had the highest sugar content(41.2 g/100 g), followed by fruit and vegetable juice beverages(10.6 g/100 g), and carbonated beverages(9.2 g/100 g). Meanwhile, the fruit and vegetable juice beverages, carbonated beverages and flavored beverages had the highest glucose contents. In addition, the carbonated beverages, fruit and vegetable juice beverages and flavored beverages had the highest fructose content. The sucrose levels in solid beverages, coffee beverages, protein beverages and plant beverages were higher than that in other beverages. The total percentage of beverage samples with free sugar content greater than 10 g/100 g was 36.3%(257/708). With regard to the proportion of beverages with free sugar content greater than 10 g/100 g, the top three were fruit and vegetable juice beverages(61.8%,89/144), carbonated beverages(52.8%,84/159) and flavored beverages(41.7%,5/12). Conclusion In 2015, the content of free sugar in commercial beverages in China was generally high, among which the free sugar content in fruit and vegetable juice beverages and carbonated beverages was higher than other drinks.