喉癌组织中Caspase-3的表达及其临床意义

Expression of Caspase-3 in laryngeal cancer and its clinical significance

目的通过对比Caspase-3在喉癌、喉癌前病变及声带息肉中表达的差异;探讨Caspase-3在喉癌中表达及其临床意义。方法选取2011年2月~2016年12月在我院就诊的喉癌患者49例、声带息肉13例、喉癌前病变10例(含喉乳头状瘤6例,非典型增生4例)病理切片标本作为研究对象,采用免疫组化EnVision法检测Caspase-3的表达,光学显微镜下观察并摄片。比较Caspase-3在喉癌、声带息肉、喉乳头状瘤组织表达的差异,并分析Caspase-3在喉癌中的表达与肿瘤的病理分化程度、临床分期、吸烟史、年龄等临床特征的相关性。结果 Caspase-3在喉癌组织表达较声带息肉、喉癌前病变中的表达程度低(P<0.05),喉癌患者Caspase-3表达越强,肿瘤分化程度越高(P<0.05),而同临床分期、吸烟、年龄无明显相关性(P>0.05)。结论 Caspase-3低表达导致细胞凋亡机制受到抑制,引起突变细胞生长积聚可能是喉癌发生的重要机制之一。凋亡抑制机制越强,促凋亡蛋白Caspase-3表达越弱,组织分化程度越低,肿瘤恶性程度越高。

Objective To compare the expression of Caspase-3 in laryngeal cancer,laryngeal precancerous lesions and vocal cord polyps,and to explore the expression of Caspase-3 in laryngeal cancer and its clinical significance.Methods From February 2011 to December 2016,49 patients with laryngeal cancer,13 patients with vocal cord polyps and 10 patients with laryngeal precancerous lesions(including 6 patients with laryngeal papilloma)were selected.The expression of Caspase-3 was detected by immunohistochemical EnVision method.The expression of Caspase-3 was observed and photographed under optical microscope.To compare the difference of Caspase-3 expression in laryngeal cancer,vocal cord polyp and laryngeal papilloma,and to analyze the correlation between Caspase-3 expression in laryngeal cancer and its clinical characteristics,such as pathological differentiation,clinical stage,smoking history and age.Results The expression of Caspase-3 in laryngeal cancer tissue was lower than that in vocal cord polyps and laryngeal precancerous lesions(P<0.05).The stronger the expression of Caspase-3 in laryngeal cancer patients,the higher the degree of tumor differentiation(P<0.05).There was no significant correlation between Caspase-3 expression and clinical stage,smoking and age(P>0.05).Conclusion Low expression of Caspase-3 leads to apoptosis.The mechanism is inhibited,and the accumulation of mutant cells may be one of the important mechanisms of laryngeal cancer.The stronger the mechanism of inhibition of apoptosis,the weaker the expression of caspase-3,the lower the degree of tissue differentiation and the higher the malignant degree of tumors.