基于Caprini量表的护理对实施机械通气重症哮喘患者LEDVT风险的影响

The influence of Caprini scale based nursing care on the risk of LEDVT in patients with severe asthma using mechanical ventilation

目的探讨基于Caprini量表的护理对实施机械通气重症哮喘患者下肢深静脉血栓(LEDVT)风险的影响。方法选择2019年9月—2020年8月本院收治的106例重症哮喘合并呼吸衰竭机械通气患者作为研究对象,按建档顺序分为对照组和研究组两组,每组各53例。对照组实施常规护理,研究组于上述基础上实施Caprini量表的护理模式,统计比较两组不同时间段(机械通气前、机械通气24 h内、24~48 h、48~72 h)股静脉血流情况(血流峰值速度、血流平均速度)、并发症发生情况及护理满意度。结果研究组机械通气24 h内、24~48 h、48~72 h血流峰值速度、血流平均速度较对照组高(P<0.05);研究组LEDVT、皮肤颜色改变、下肢肿胀、皮下淤血发生率(1.89%、5.66%、5.66%、3.77%)较对照组(15.09%、20.75%、18.87%、16.98%)低(P<0.05);研究组移情性、可靠性、反应性、保证性、有形性评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论Caprini量表的护理模式可改善重症哮喘合并呼吸衰竭机械通气患者下肢股静脉血流速度,降低其LEDVT发生率,且患者护理满意度高。

Objective To investigate the influence of nursing care based on the Caprini scale on the risk of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis(LEDVT)in patients with severe asthma underwent mechanical ventilation.Methods From September 2019 to August 2020,106 patients with severe asthma combined with respiratory failure those underwent mechanical ventilation were selected as the research objects.They were divided into two groups:control group and study group,with 53 cases in each group.The control group implemented routine nursing care,and the study group implemented the Caprini scale nursing model based on the above.The femoral venous blood flow(peak blood flow velocity,average blood flow velocity)in different time periods(before mechanical ventilation,within 24 hours of mechanical ventilation,24 to 48 hours,48 to 72 hours),complications,and nursing satisfaction were statistically compared between the two groups.Results The peak blood flow velocity and average blood flow velocity in the study group were higher than those in the control group within 24 hours,24 to 48 hours,and 48 to 72 hours after mechanical ventilation(P<0.05).The incidence of LEDVT,skin color changes,lower limb swelling,and subcutaneous congestion in the study group(1.89%,5.66%,5.66%,and 3.77%)were lower than those in the control group(15.09%,20.75%,18.87%,16.98%)(P<0.05).The empathy,reliability,responsiveness,assurance,and tangibility scores of the study group were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions The nursing model of the Caprini scale could improve the blood flow velocity of the lower limb femoral vein in patients with severe asthma complicated with respiratory failure and underwent mechanical ventilation,reduce the incidence of LEDVT,and patients have a high degree of satisfaction with care.