精细化治理视角下基层社会救助工作队伍建设——基于上海市P区调研分析

The Construction of Grass-roots Social Assistance Work Teams from the Perspective of Refined Governance:Based on an Analysis of the Investigation and Survey of P District in Shanghai

基层社会救助队伍工作状态的失衡,无法有效发挥我国救助能力的保障作用。基层社会救助工作者居于救助对象和制度设计中间,由于“福利依赖”和行政“内卷化”,现实中存在救助对象“无赖化”倾向和顶层设计不足的问题,因此其工作主体状态失衡。采用焦点团体访谈法对上海市P区社会救助工作开展调研,从区镇、街道和居(村)三个层级分析救助对象特征、工作人员的工作状态和期待。社会救助基层工作队伍是实践我国社会救助事业的主力军,从精细化治理视域出发,应建构以政府为主导的多方参与的社会救助体系,建设专业化救助人才队伍并做好顶层制度设计。

The work status of the grassroots social assistance team is unbalanced,and it is unable to play a safeguard role in enhancing my country's assistance capabilities.Basic-level social assistance workers live in the middle between the assistance target and the system design.Due to"welfare dependence"and administrative"involvement",there are problems in reality that the assistance target becomes rogue and the top-level design is insufficient,so the main body of their work is out of balance.This paper uses the focus group interview method to investigate the social assistance work in District P of Shanghai,and analyzes the characteristics of the assistance recipients,the working status and expectations of the staff from the three levels of districts,towns,streets and villages.The grassroots social assistance team is the main force in the practice of social assistance undertakings in our country.A government-led and multi-participated social assistance system should be constructed,a team of professional assistance talents should be built,and the top-level system design should be done.