高原鼢鼠(Eospalax baileyi)的生态学研究进展

Recent advances in ecological studies for plateau zokor(Eospalax baileyi):a review

高原鼢鼠是青藏高原独有的地下啮齿动物,因其采食、掘洞和造丘等行为使草地放牧面积减少,草产量和草地生产力下降而被视为草地害鼠.但是,作为高寒草地生态系统的重要组分,高原鼢鼠在土壤养分循环、维系食物网和促进植物群落演替等方面发挥着重要作用.因此,高原鼢鼠对高寒草地生产和生态的多重效应受到草地管理者和科研学者的高度关注.有害生物生态防控理论认为要承认物种在生态系统的重要性,加强基础生态学研究,并利用生态学原理科学防控其危害.强化高原鼢鼠的生态学研究,对于草地鼠害防控和保护生物多样性具有重要意义.本文综述了当前高原鼢鼠个体、种群、群落等生态学研究进展,并分析了当前研究中存在的问题与挑战,展望了将来的研究方向,以期为今后深入开展高原鼢鼠生态学研究和科学防控提供参考.

Plateau zokor is a unique subterranean rodent living in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.The rodent is regarded as pests because it feed forages,dig tunnels as well as make mounds on grassland resulting in decreasing grassland productivity in term of reducing grazing area and forage biomass.However,plateau zokor is very important component in alpine grassland ecosystem and plays an important role in soil nutrient cycling,food web maintenance and plant community succession.As a result,the plateau zokor is focused by grassland administrators and researchers due to its multiple service functions in alpine grassland ecosystem.The theory of ecologically based pest management suggests that focus on the basic research for pests and the multi-function of pests in ecosystem,and manage pests according to ecological theory.Therefore,strengthening the ecological research on plateau zokor should benefit to control the damage and protect the biodiversity.The paper reviewed the current research progress on the ecologies in term of individual,population and community,etc.,and analyzed the challenges and prospects of ecological research in plateau zokor.The purpose of the paper is to provide the scientific supports for the ecological research of plateau zokor as well as the pest control in the future.