智能制造开放式创新平台战略异质性研究:基于扎根理论双案例视角

Research on Strategic Heterogeneity of Intelligent Manufacturing Open Innovation Platform:based on Grounded Theory and Double Case Perspective

制造业需要抓住互联网机遇实施智能制造,实现转型升级。企业转型升级内涵是实现数字化、平台化、智能化,其中平台化是智能制造发展的新方向,而平台战略是对智能制造的统筹把握。然而,智能制造企业开放式创新平台模式研究匮乏,也不重视平台战略异质性。运用扎根理论,选取海尔、西门子两家典型智能制造企业进行双案例比较分析,总结两家企业平台化战略模型:西门子采取面向工厂管理与服务的开放式物联网云平台生态系统战略;海尔则推行直面用户的多平台大规模定制全流程创新生态圈战略。通过比较分析发现,两家企业在平台核心战略、平台流程战略、平台整合战略、平台保障战略、平台拓展战略等方面呈现异质性,并探讨形成这种异质性的经济、社会、文化和技术等多方面原因。

Manufacturing industry needs to seize the opportunity of Internet to implement intelligent manufacturing and realize transformation and upgrading.The connotation of enterprise transformation and upgrading is to realize digitization,platformization and intellectualization.Platformization is the new direction of intelligent manufacturing development,and platform strategy is the overall planning of intelligent manufacturing.However,there is a lack of research on the open innovation platform model of intelligent manufacturing enterprises,and it does not pay attention to the heterogeneity of platform strategy.Based on grounded theory,two typical intelligent manufacturing enterprises,Haier and Siemens,are selected for comparative analysis,and the platform strategy model of the two enterprises is summarized:Siemens adopts the open Internet of things cloud platform ecosystem strategy oriented to factory management and service;Haier implements the whole process innovation ecosystem strategy of multiplatform mass customization facing users.Through comparative analysis,it is found that the two enterprises are heterogeneous in platform core strategy,platform process strategy,platform integration strategy,platform guarantee strategy and platform expansion strategy,and the economic,social,cultural and technological reasons for the heterogeneity are discussed.