磁场对铝合金电弧增材成形及组织性能的影响

Effect of magnetic field on arc augmentation forming andmicrostructural performance of aluminium alloy

为了提高电弧增材制造成形精度,分析了纵向磁场作用下ZL114A铝合金的电弧增材成形过程,研究了磁场对电弧形态和焊后增材试件成形及性能的影响.结果表明,引入磁场后焊接电弧由原来的锥形变化为顶部收缩底部发散的形态,磁场起到了压缩电弧的作用.增材试件表面成形质量得到了明显优化,表面凹凸不平的现象基本消失.引入磁场后增材试件的熔宽增加,且随励磁电流的增大而增大.引入磁场后试件组织中α-Al晶粒得到细化,共晶硅析出相减少,使得试件的力学性能相比未加磁场时得到明显提升.

In order to improve the forming accuracy of arc augmentation manufacturing(AM),the arc augmentation forming process of ZL114A aluminum alloy under longitudinal magnetic field was studied,and the effect of magnetic field on arc shape as well as the forming and mechanical properties of AM specimens after welding was investigated.The results show that the welding arc changes from the original cone shape to the final shape with top convergence and bottom divergence after the introduction of magnetic field,showing that the magnetic field has compression effect on arc shape.In addition,the surface forming quality of AM specimens has been obviously improved,and the phenomenon of surface roughness basically disappears.The weld width of AM specimens increases after the introduction of magnetic field and gets wider with the increase of excitation current.After introducing the magnetic field,the grain size ofα-Al in specimen microstructure is refined,and the precipitation phase of eutectic silicon decreases,making the mechanical properties of AM specimens get obviously improved compared with those with no introduction of magnetic field.