乡村社区型景区社企竞合度模型及其应用

The Measurement Model and Its Application for Degree of Coopetition Between Enterprises and Communities in Rural Community Scenic Areas

乡村社区型景区的企业化经营管理及其社区参与门票分成实践,已构成景区社企间的一种竞合行为,而其平衡/失衡的竞合态势直接关乎景区的稳定与持续发展,对景区社企竞合行为的测度便成为了亟待解决的重要问题。文章运用组织间竞合理论,将乡村社区型景区公司与其内部社区间的关系纳入景区公司的供应链竞合分析框架,构建乡村社区型景区社企竞合(平衡)度测度结构方程模型,并以傣族园、千户苗寨、篁岭景区为案例进行检验。研究结果表明:假设模型对案例景区的社企竞合态势及其作用机制具有一定的解释力,而纵向相对剥夺感对景区社企竞合度具有显著负向影响;降低或消除社区居民的纵向相对剥夺感,是平衡景区社企竞合行为、防范社企冲突的关键。

Enterprise management in rural community scenic spots and practice of ticket sharing for community participation have already constituted a kind of competition and cooperation between enterprise-community in scenic spots.Its balanced/imbalanced coopetition situation is directly related to the stability and sustainable development of scenic spots.Therefore,the measurement of the coopetition between enterprise-community in scenic spots that has become an important issue to be solved urgently.Based on the inter-organizational coopetition theory,the relationship between enterprise-community in rural community scenic spot was incorporated into the supply chain of enterprise(main organizations)coopetition analytical framework.A structural equation model of the degree of competition(balance)enterprises-communities in rural tourism scenic areas is constructed.On the basis of One-Thousand-Household Miao Village,Dai Garden and Huangling scenic areas the model has been validated.The research shows that,overall,the model has some explanatory to the coopetition situation and its mechanism between enterprise-community in case scenic spots.Moreover,the longitudinal relative sense of deprivation has a significant negative impact on the degree of coopetition between enterprise-community in rural community scenic spots.It is the key to balance the coopetition between enterprise-community in scenic spots and to prevent the conflicts between them through reducing and eliminating longitudinal relative deprivation of community residents.