滇池银白鱼食性初步分析

Preliminary analysis on food habits of Anabarilius alburnops in the Dianchi Lake

为研究滇池银白鱼(Anabarilius alburnops)的食性,于2016—2019年奇数月份在滇池用机拖网试捕采集银白鱼,对其摄食形态、食物组成和季节摄食强度等进行分析和研究。结果显示:银白鱼食谱较广,食物种类包括浮游植物、浮游动物、鱼类、虾类和水生昆虫等,其中丝藻属、龟甲轮属、溞属等出现率较高。结合摄食器官形态特征分析,认为银白鱼是偏动物性杂食性鱼类。摄食强度方面,春季摄食率最低,仅为50%,夏、秋、冬三季摄食率均达80%以上;饱满指数与摄食率呈现相似的季节变化规律。

In order to investigate the food habits of Anabarilius alburnops in the Dianchi Lake,thirty-one A.alburnops were collected in odd-numbered months of 2016—2019 with towing net,and their feeding morphology,food composition and seasonal feeding intensity were analyzed and studied.The results showed that A.alburnops had a wide range of foods,including phytoplankton,zooplankton,fish,shrimp and aquatic insects,etc.Among these foods,Phaeophyta,Keratell and Daphnia occupied obviously higher occurrence rates.Combined with the morphological characteristics of feeding organs,it was considered that A.alburnops is a partial animal omnivorous fish.The seasonal variation of feeding intensity showed the lowest feeding rate(50%)in spring,while the feeding rates of A.alburnops in summer,autumn and winter were all over 80%.The feeding rate and fullness index showed similar seasonal changes that the feeding intensity of A.alburnops in spring was significantly lower than those in summer,autumn and winter.