地方政府教育财政投入区域均衡配置的实证研究——基于河南省数据

The Empirical Research on Regional Balanced Allocation of LocalGovernment Financial Investment in Education——Based on Data from Henan Province

教育财政均衡配置是实现区域教育均等化发展的关键性、基础性因素。省域内部教育财政配置状况的研究对地方政府教育财政决策具有重要的参考价值。研究基于“十一五”以来(2006―2019年)河南省18个地市教育财政经费水平、经济发展水平等相关数据,采用变异系数、基尼系数、泰尔指数,评价省域18个地市间教育财政配置的均衡水平。2006年以来,河南省18个地市间教育财政投入水平整体快速提升的同时,其区域配置的均衡性也得到了持续改善;省内经济发展相对落后的黄淮经济区对教育财政给予了比经济发展水平较好的地市更大力度的支持;18个地市间教育财政配置非均衡表现的主要影响因素是不同经济区域内部地市间配置的非均衡;省域教育财政整体投入水平需要进一步持续提升至“高投入水平”的状态。基于此,应当建立省域教育财政投入持续增长机制、深化省域教育财政投入统筹体制改革、拓宽教育筹资渠道以快速提高教育筹资总量、加强教育财政预算执行的考核监督。

The balanced allocation of educational finance is the key and basic factor to realize the development of regional education equalization.The research on the allocation of educational finance in the province has important reference value to the local government's educational finance decision-making.Based on data from 2006 to 2019 in educational fiscal funding,economic development and other related factors of 18 cities in Henan province,the paper uses the variation coefficient,the Gini coefficient,Theil index to describe the equilibrium condition of educational financial allocation between 18 cities in Henan province,analyzes the main factors influencing educational fiscal equilibrium configuration,and puts forward the corresponding policy recommendations.The balance of regional allocation has been continuously improved with the increasing of the educational financial investment between 18 regional cities of Henan province since 2006.The comparatively underdeveloped Huanghuai economic zone gave more supports to the local educational finance than other developed cities.The unbalanced education financial allocation of 18 cities resulted from the unbalanced allocation among different economic zones.The provincial education financial investment needs to be increased continuously to the high level state.Consequently,measures should be taken to establish the long-term increasing mechanism of the provincial educational financial investment,deepen the reform of provincial educational financial investment system,widen the financing channels to enlarge the total of educational financing and enhance the check and supervision of educational financial budget implement.