2020年量子计算技术发展综述

Survey of Quantum Computing Technology in 2020

量子计算技术是当今世界最具颠覆性的前沿技术之一,已成为世界主要国家进行高新技术竞争的重要领域。对量子计算领域的研究进行了综合评述,并对其宏观发展趋势进行了分析。首先分析世界上主要国家均对量子信息技术寄予厚望,制定了雄心勃勃的国家级发展计划,以抢占新一轮科技革命的战略高地;随后介绍2020年世界范围内的量子计算机研发现状,成绩斐然、呈现"追逐战"趋势;然后概述量子计算在美国陆、海、空、网等多军兵种的军事应用。最后,分析未来量子计算发展趋势和宏观态势。综述表明,量子计算发展具有重大科学意义、战略价值、军用潜力,是一项对传统技术体系产生革命性冲击、进行颠覆式重构的重大技术创新,将引领新一轮科技革命、产业变革、军备变革方向。

Quantum computing technology is one of the most disruptive cutting-edge technologies in the world,and has become an important field of high-tech competition among major countries.In this paper,the research in the field of quantum computing is reviewed,and the further macro development trend is presented.This paper firstly analyzes that the major countries in the world place high hopes on quantum information technology and formulates ambitious national development plans,to seize the strategic highland of the current new round of scientific and technological revolution.Then the world-wide research and development of quantum computer in 2020,with remarkable achievements and“chasing war”trend,is introduced.Besides,this paper summarizes the military applications of quantum computing technology in the U.S.land,sea,air,network and other military services.Finally,this paper analyzes the development trend and macro situation of quantum computing in the future.This survey shows that,the development of quantum computing has great scientific significance,strategic value and military potential.It is a major technological innovation which has a revolutionary impact on the traditional technology system and carries out subversive reconstruction.Hence,it will lead a new direction of scientific and technological revolution,industrial revolution and armament revolution.