江西省林业产业投入产出效率评价

Evaluation of Input-output Efficiency of Forestry Industry in Jiangxi Province

选取了江西省2005~2018年林业固定资产投资、年末林业系统从业人数2个投入指标,重点生态工程造林面积、林业总产值2个产出指标,运用DEA-BCC模型测算出江西省林业投资的综合效率、纯技术效率及规模效率。同时,对江西省非DEA有效年份的投入冗余额及产出不足额进行计算,探究了江西省林业产业规模经济效率不高的内在原因。通过分别去除林业固定资产投资、年末林业系统从业人数,构造单一投入的模型计算效率,与对照组进行了对比,找出了影响林业投入产出效率最大的因素。结果显示,江西省林业产业投入产出效率均值不高,但自2011年以来,呈波动上升趋势;在测算的非DEA有效年份均处于规模报酬递增状态,表明当前江西省的投入产出未达到最优状态;年末林业系统从业人数对投入产出综合效率的影响更大。最后,提出了引入更先进的林业技术、提升产业资本投资效率、加大人力资本投资、坚持开放的政策体系的对策建议。

The two input indicators,forestry fixed asset investment and the number of employees in the forestry system at the end of the year and the two output indicators,key ecological engineering afforestation area and total forestry output value in Jiangxi Province from 2005 to 2018 were selected in the paper,The DEA-BCC model was used to calculate the comprehensive efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of forestry investment in Jiangxi Province.At the same time,the input redundancy and output deficit in the non-DEA effective years of Jiangxi Province were calculated,and the internal reasons for the low efficiency of scale economy of the forestry industry in Jiangxi Province were explored.Finally,the fixed asset investment in forestry and the number of employees in the forestry system at the end of the year were removed respectively,and a single-input model was constructed to calculate the efficiency.Compared with the control group,the factors that most affected the efficiency of forestry input and output were found out.The results show that the average input-output efficiency of the forestry industry in Jiangxi Province is not high,but since 2011,it has shown a fluctuating upward trend.The non-DEA effective years measured are all in a state of increasing returns to scale,indicating that the current input-output in Jiangxi Province has not reached optimal state.The number of employees in the forestry system has a greater impact on the overall efficiency of input and output.Finally,Research recommendations such as introducing more advanced forestry technologies,improving industrial capital investment efficiency,increasing human capital investment and adhering to an open policy system were put forward.