自下而上大部门制改革的新探索--从广东顺德到浙江龙港的实践

A New Exploration into the Bottom-up Reform of Giant Department System--Evidence from Shunde,Guangdong Province to Longgang,Zhejiang Province

比较研究广东顺德和浙江龙港的典型案例可见,在缺乏上下协同改革的背景下,下层地方政府自下而上的大部门制改革在方便群众办事、提高行政效率、降低行政成本等方面确实有着明显的改进,但是也必定会遇到部门对接困难、升迁渠道狭窄、部门内部协调难度提高等共性问题。为了解决大部门制这些共性问题,龙港设市后,在考核方法和参会方式、审批制度和行政执法、干部升迁和工作激励等方面都进行了新的探索。为切实提高改革实效,建议要强化各级政府的协同改革;根据试点后的运作实际,遵循业务相近、服务相关原则,对部门机构适度微调;要简化对基层政府管理考核,减少不必要的会议;疏通基层干部的升迁渠道,激发他们的工作积极性。

Through a comparative study of the typical cases of Shunde in Guangdong and Longgang in Zhejiang,it is found that the bottom-up reform of giant department system in local subordinate governments has indeed made significant progress in facilitating the masses’handling of affairs,promoting the administrative efficiency and lowering administrative costs,etc.,in the absence of coordinated reform between superior and subordinate departments.However,they are surely confronted with common problems,such as difficulties in interfacing with each other,narrow promotion channels and higher difficulty in coordinating within the department.In order to solve these common problems in the giant department system,Longgang has made new explorations in appraisal methods,meeting attending methods,examination and approval system,administration and law enforcement,cadre promotion and work incentives,etc.after its conversion into a city.To substantially improve the effectiveness of reform,it is suggested to reinforce coordinated reform among governments at all levels,fine-tune departments and institutions moderately according to the actual operation after piloting and by following the principle of similar business and related service,simplify the administration appraisal of grassroots governments,reduce unnecessary meetings,clear the promotion channel for grassroots cadres and inspire their enthusiasm for work.