良渚古城遗址区民生差异化发展现状与振兴策略研究——基于三个典型边缘聚落的比较与分析

Research on the Status Quo and Revitalization Strategies of the Differential Development of People's Livelihood in the Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City:Based on the Comparison and Analysis of Three Typical Marginal Settlements

随着我国城镇化进程的加快,多数大遗址的保护建设都与当地的边缘聚落出现了明显矛盾。作为我国新石器时代著名的考古学文化之一,良渚古城遗址保护区的建立与村落城镇化之间产生了“保护限制村落发展,发展破坏遗址保护”的悖论。与此同时,保护区周围的大部分村落的发展趋势均出现了明显差异。然而,目前相关政府与机构对于各个边缘聚落出现众多差异化问题及错综复杂的利益关系也未能做出有效、及时的应对。在此背景下,本文以浙江省杭州市余杭区瓶窑镇良渚古城遗址保护区内的朱村村、黄泥口村及华兴社区为例,基于马斯洛需求层次理论构建了不同类型边缘聚落民生发展的居民需求结构,并据此设计了不同类型需求的满意度评价体系。通过问卷调查、居民访谈的形式,对各个村落自身发展与遗址保护之间的矛盾、协同进行评估。最后,通过比较研究三个村落的评价结果,针对不同类型的边缘聚落提出相应的振兴策略,以期为我国大遗址区域的保护建设提供参考。

With the acceleration of urbanization process in China,the protection and construction of most great ruins have appeared in obvious contradictions with the local fringe villages.As one of the most famous archeological cultures in Neolithic Age,the establishment of the Archaeological Ruins in Liangzhu City and the urbanization of villages have created the paradox of‘protection restricts development,and development destroys protection’.At the same time,the development trends of most of the villages around the protected area have shown obvious differences.However,at present,relevant agencies have failed to respond effectively and promptly to the many differentiating problems and complicated interest relationships in various marginal settlements.In this context,this paper takes Zhucun Village,Huangnikou Village,and Huaxing Community in the Archaeological Ruins in Liangzhu City as examples.Based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory,the residents'demand structure was constructed for the livelihood development of different types of marginal villages.And based on this,the satisfaction evaluation index system for different types of needs was also designed.Through questionnaire surveys and residents interviews,the current situation of the conflicts and synergy between the protection of the relics and their own development in each village was evaluated.Finally,through the comparative study of the evaluation results of the three villages,the development and revitalization strategies are proposed,providing references for protection and construction in China.