茄无网蚜几种酶对溴氰菊酯与高温胁迫的应答

Responses of several enzymes in Acyrthosiphon solani (Kaltenbach) to deltamethrin and temperature stress

【目的】通过研究茄无网蚜Acyrthosiphon solani(Kaltenbach)在溴氰菊酯和高温2种胁迫方式下其单位虫体质量解毒酶、保护酶和代谢酶活力的变化情况,为茄无网蚜耐药性研究、发生期预测等提供相应的理论依据。【方法】本文用LC50溴氰菊酯和32℃高温分别胁迫3龄茄无网蚜6、12、24、48和72h,分析并比较其单位虫体质量谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶、过氧化物酶、羧酸酯酶和海藻糖酶的活力变化。【结果】过氧化物酶和羧酸酯酶对2种胁迫方式的响应剧烈,单位虫体质量的过氧化物酶活力在茄无网蚜被溴氰菊酯胁迫6、24和48h后被显著抑制(P<0.05),在温度胁迫处理组中均高于对照组,且在6、12和24 h处理组差异显著(P<0.05);羧酸酯酶活力在溴氰菊酯胁迫时有较大波动,在6、24、48和72 h处理组与对照差异显著(P<0.05)。海藻糖酶对2种胁迫方式的响应较剧烈,海藻糖酶活力在溴氰菊酯胁迫6、24、48和72 h处理组显著高于对照(P<0.05),在温度胁迫6、12和72 h处理组与对照组差异显著(P<0.05)。谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶对2种胁迫方式的响应相对较弱,谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶活力仅在溴氰菊酯胁迫6 h和24 h处理组与温度胁迫24 h处理组显著高于对照(P<0.05)。【结论】LC50溴氰菊酯胁迫比温度胁迫对茄无网蚜体内4种酶活力的影响更大;2种胁迫方式对茄无网蚜体内4种酶活性均产生影响,过氧化物酶与羧酸酯酶参与度更高。

[Objectives] To investigate the activity of several detoxifying enzymes, protective enzymes and metabolic enzymes in the aphid Acyrthosiphon solani(Kaltenbach) induced by deltamethrin and high temperature stress, and thereby provide a theoretical basis for further research on pesticide resistance and predicting the occurrence of this pest.【Methods】Third instar nymphs of A. solani were treated with an LC50 dose of deltamethrin and exposed to 32 ℃ for 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h, after which the activity per unit mass of glutathione s-transferase, peroxidase, carboxylesterase and trehalase were measured and compared. 【Results】 Peroxidase and carboxylesterase activity were strongly affected by both deltamethrin and high temperature, the activity per unit mass of peroxidase was significantly inhibited by deltamethrin 6, 24 and 48 h(P<0.05) after treatment and was higher than the control in all temperature treatment groups, significantly so in the 6, 12 and 24 h treatment groups(P<0.05). Carboxylesterase activity was significantly different to the control 6, 24, 48 and 72 h after deltamethrin treatment(P<0.05). Trehalase activity was significantly higher than the control 6, 24, 48 and 72 h after deltamethrin treatment and after 6, 12 and 72 h exposure to 32 ℃(P<0.05). Deltamethrin and temperature had relatively little effect on glutathione s-transferase activity which was only significantly different to the control 6 h and 24 h after deltamethrin treatment, and after 24 h exposure to 32 ℃(P<0.05).【Conclusion】 An LC50 dose of deltamethrin had a greater effect on the enzyme activity of A. solani than exposure to 32 ℃;glutathione s-transferase, peroxidase, carboxylesterase and trehalase activity were all affected by both deltamethrin and temperature, but peroxidase and carboxylesterase were the most significantly affected.