骨髓微环境影响调节性T细胞促进血液恶性肿瘤发展的研究进展

Progress on influence of bone marrow microenvironment on regulatory T cells promoting development of hematological malignancies

骨髓微环境对血液恶性肿瘤发生和发展具有保护作用,存在多种免疫抑制细胞,如调节性T细胞(Tregs)。Tregs具有独特的免疫抑制作用,因其参与肿瘤免疫逃逸成为抗肿瘤免疫治疗的重要靶点。白血病、多发性骨髓瘤等血液恶性肿瘤患者骨髓中Tregs水平升高,并与疾病进展及预后呈负相关。骨髓微环境中存在多种促进Tregs免疫功能抑制的因素,通过诱导Tregs扩增、存活及趋化等增强Tregs免疫抑制功能,促进肿瘤发生发展。通过抑制或阻断对Tregs具有促进作用的因素可逆转Tregs的免疫抑制功能。本文将对血液恶性肿瘤骨髓微环境中相关基因、细胞因子、免疫细胞和趋化因子对Tregs的影响进行综述,为今后以Tregs为靶点的免疫治疗提供新途径。

Bone marrow microenvironment is a refuge for development and progression of hematological malignant cells, and there are a variety of cells with immunosuppressive functions, including regulatory T cells(Tregs).Tregs have unique immunosuppressive effects and become an important target for anti-tumor immunotherapy because of their involvement in immune escape of tumors.In hematological malignancies patients such as leukemia and multiple myeloma, level of Tregs in bone marrow is increased and negatively correlated with disease progression and prognosis.Many factors in bone marrow microenvironment can promote immunosuppressive effect of Tregs, enhance immunosuppressive function of Tregs from multiple aspects such as inducing the expansion, survival and chemotaxis of Tregs, thereby promoting development of tumors.By inhibiting or blocking these factors that have a promoting effect on Tregs can reverse immunosuppressive function of Tregs.In this paper, we will review effects of related genes, cytokines, immune cells and chemokines on Tregs in bone marrow microenvironment of hematological malignancies, and provide a new approach for immunotherapy targeting Tregs.