2006—2019年无锡市尘肺病例流行病学分析

Epidemiological Study of Pneumoconiosis Reported in Wuxi in 2006-2019

目的研究2006—2019年无锡市尘肺病例的发病特点,为制定尘肺病的预防控制措施及对策提供相关依据。方法收集中国疾病预防控制中心职业病网络直报系统2006—2019年无锡市报告的尘肺病例资料,总计2386例,并对其年龄、工龄、工种等内容进行描述性流行病学分析。结果2006—2019年无锡市共报告尘肺病病例2386例,其中,矽肺1552例(65.05%)、电焊工尘肺409例(17.14%)、煤工尘肺192例(8.05%),平均接尘工龄为15.92±8.06年,发病工龄主要集中在10~年(42.33%),其次是20~年(26.15%)。尘肺病发病情况及严重程度与接尘工龄有关(P<0.05)。首次诊断与首次晋期诊断时间间隔<10年的病例最多(123例,49.00%),其次是10~19年(99例,39.44%)。结论无锡市尘肺病种类以矽肺为主,应加强职业卫生健康管理。

Objective This paper studies the features of pneumoconiosis cases occurred in Wuxi from 2006 to 2019 in order to provide solid evidence for the future counter measurements to prevent and control pneumoconiosis.Methods According to the data collected from the Information System of Occupational Disease and Occupational Health,there were 2386 cases of pneumoconiosis reported in Wuxi from 2006 to 2019,and this paper had an epidemiological study analyzing the ages,length of work and other relevant factors of the reported cases.Results Among the 2386 cases from 2006 to 2019,there were 1552 cases of silicosis(65.05%);followed by 409 cases of electric welders′pneumoconiosis(17.14%);the number of coal-worker′s pneumoconiosis was the least,only 192 cases were reported(8.05%).The average years of exposure to dust was 15.92±8.06 years,the year of onset mainly distributed in 10 to 19 years(42.33%),followed by 20 to 29 years(26.15%).The incidence and severity was related to the years of dust exposure(P<0.05).The majority of the interval between the years of the first diagnosis and progressed cases of pneumoconiosis was less than 10 years(123 cases and 49.00%),followed by 10 to 19 years(99 cases and 39.44%).Conclusion The majority ofpneumoconiosis cases in Wuxi is silicosis,which requires interested parties to strengthen occupational health management.