积极老龄化视角下老年人隔代抚养与社会参与的角色冲突及调适——基于社会角色理论的分析

Role Conflict and Adjustment of Intergenerational Raising and Social Participation of the Elderly from the Perspective of Active Aging--An Analysis Based on the Theory of Social Role

作为应对社会压力,转移抚幼负担的家庭策略,隔代抚养对提高社会生育水平无疑具有照护红利。然而,由于价值理念与社会环境的制约,养老与抚幼家庭政策的缺失,社会服务支持的滞后与不足,以及家庭照料责任的分配不均衡,致使老年人面临隔代抚养与社会参与的角色转换矛盾,表现为期望冲突、能力冲突、时间冲突与行为冲突四个方面,由此给老年人身心健康、家庭关系与社会和谐带来消极影响,这与积极老龄化理念及全面二孩政策目标背道而驰。强化理念指引、政策保障、服务供给与家庭支持,是化解老年人隔代抚养和社会参与角色冲突,实现长幼共融与老少同乐的有效路径。

As a family strategy to cope with social pressures and shift the burden of childcare,intergenerational support will undoubtedly have a care bonus for improving social fertility.However,due to the constraints of values and social environment,the lack of policies for the elderly and childcare families,the lag and inadequacy of social service support,and the uneven distribution of family care responsibilities,the elderly face the role transition of intergenerational support and social participation Contradictions are manifested in four aspects:conflicts of expectations,conflicts of ability,conflicts of time,and conflicts of behaviors,thereby negatively affecting the physical and mental health of the elderly,family relations,and social harmony..Strengthening ideological guidelines,policy guarantees,service provision and family support is an effective way to resolve the role conflicts between elderly generations and social participation,and achieve long-term integration with young and old people.