认知行为疗法结合生物反馈训练在心脏术后护理中的应用价值研究

Study on the Application Value of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Combined with Biofeedback Training in Postoperative Cardiac Nursing

目的:探讨认知行为疗法结合生物反馈训练对在改善心脏术后患者康复过程中的护理效果。方法:选择2018年1月-2019年12月在南昌大学第一附属医院心胸外科ICU进行心脏手术的患者600例。采用随机数字表法将患者分为对照组和干预组,每组300例。对照组采用常规护理,干预组在常规护理基础上增加认知行为干预结合生物反馈训练护理。比较两组治疗前后的舒适状况量表、抑郁自评量表和焦虑自评量表评分。结果:入院时和术后第3天,两组SAS、SDS、舒适状况各维度评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。患者SAS、SDS和舒适状况评分的干预主效应差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),即不考虑时间因素,两组患者SAS、SDS和舒适状况评分在不同干预水平有差异;SAS、SDS和舒适状况评分的时间主效应差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),即不考虑干预因素,焦虑、抑郁情况和舒适状况在不同时间点的变化是不同的。干预与时间的交互作用均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:认知行为干预结合生物反馈训练可有效缓解心脏术后患者的抑郁和焦虑情绪,提高患者的舒适度,降低心脏术后引起的不利影响,提高患者术后身心健康的全面恢复水平。

Objective:To explore the nursing effect of cognitive behavioral therapy combined with biofeedback training in improving the rehabilitation process of patients after cardiac surgery.Method:A total of 600 patients who underwent cardiac surgery in the cardiothoracic surgery ICU of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from January 2018 to December 2019 were selected.The patients were divided into control group and intervention group by random number table method,300 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing,and the intervention group added cognitive behavior intervention combined with biofeedback training nursing on the basis of routine nursing.The scores of comfort status scale,self-rating depression scale and self-rating anxiety scale were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Result:There were no significant differences in the scores of SAS,SDS and comfort status between the two groups on admission and the third day after surgery(P>0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the main effects of intervention on SAS and SDS scores and comfort status scores of patients(P<0.05),that is,there were differences in SAS,SDS and comfort status scores of patients in the two groups at different intervention levels regardless of time factor.The time main effects of SAS,SDS and comfort status scores were statistically significant(P<0.05),that is,without considering the intervention factors,the changes of anxiety,depression and comfort status were different at different time points.The interaction between intervention and time was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Cognitive behavioral intervention combined with biofeedback training can effectively relieve the depression and anxiety of patients after heart surgery,improve the comfort of patients,reduce the adverse effects caused by heart surgery,and improve the overall recovery level of patients’physical and mental health after heart surgery.