非编码RNA与糖尿病血管病变的关系

Relationship between non-coding RNAs and vascular diseases of diabetes mellitus

非编码RNA(non-coding RNA,ncRNA)为一类不编码蛋白的RNA分子,是机体重要的生物调控因子,在转录及转录后水平调控基因表达,影响糖尿病血管病变的发展过程。ncRNA按其片段大小主要分为微RNA(microRNA,miRNA)、长链非编码RNA(long non coding RNA,lncRNA)及环状RNA(circular RNA,circRNA)。miRNA可在转录后水平调控靶基因表达,并有成为临床诊断标志物的潜能。lncRNA影响多种分子信号通路,其在糖尿病血管病变中的作用逐渐受到关注。circRNA具有显著的基因调节功能,可与miRNA竞争结合位点,参与调控糖尿病血管病变。该文回顾目前有关ncRNA与糖尿病血管病变的研究,探讨ncRNA与糖尿病微血管及大血管病变间的关系,为糖尿病血管病变的诊断和治疗提供新思路。

Non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)are a class of molecules that do not encode protein.As important biological regulatory factors,they can affect the occurrence and development of vascular diseases of diabetes mellitus(DM)at the levels of transcription and post-transcription.ncRNAs mainly include microRNAs(miRNAs),long non coding RNAs(lncRNAs)and circular RNAs(circRNAs)according to their fragment sizes.miRNAs can regulate target gene expressions at the post-transcriptional level and have the potential to be their clinical markers.lncRNAs affect a variety of molecular signaling pathways.The role of lncRNAs in vascular diseases of DM has attracted increasing attention in recent years.circRNAs possess significant capabilities of gene regulation and could participate in pathological process of DM by competing with miRNAs for binding sites.To develop new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of vascular diseases of DM,a brief review of the current research on ncRNAs and DM angiopathy is provided.