理念与构建:未成年人社区矫正的现实困境与完善进路

Concept and Construction:The Realistic Dilemma and Perfecting Approach of Juvenile Community Correction System

《社区矫正法》首次以专章形式针对未成年人社区矫正进行特别规定,为未成年人社区矫正的顺利运行开辟了制度空间。但是未成年人社区矫正制度还处于建设与摸索的过程中,面临着立法和司法中理念认识尚存在偏差、相关立法规定不够细化、适用范围受到限制、缺乏专业化的矫正工作队伍以及个性化的矫正项目等问题。构建与完善未成年人社区矫正制度有必要树立“刚柔并济”社区矫正理念,并整合诉讼程序资源扩大适用对象范围,利用审前调查资源建立科学评估体系,引入司法建议制度以延伸法院审判职能,引入社会力量优化社区矫正实施体制,借鉴域外有益经验发展以个案矫正为主的矫正项目。

The Community Correction Law for the first time has opened up a system space for the smooth operation of the minor community correction in the form of special regulations,but the minor community correction system is still in the process of construction and exploration.It is faced with the problems of deviation in the understanding of ideas in legislation and judicature,lack of refinement of relevant legislative provisions,limitation of application scope,lack of professional correction work force and individualized correction project.It is necessary to set up the concept of“combining hardness and softness”in order to construct and perfect the community correction system for minors,in addition,we should integrate procedural resources,expand the scope of applicable objects,establish a scientific evaluation system by using pretrial resources,and introduce judicial recommendation system to extend the trial function of the court,introduce social forces to optimize the implementation system of community correction,and draw lessons from extraterritorial beneficial experiences,so as to develop rectifying projects based on case correction.