牧草返青期饲养方式对欧拉羊生产性能及肉品质的影响

Effect of supplementary feeding on production performance and meat quality of Oula sheep during herbage recovery period

为了研究牧草返青期饲养方式对欧拉羊生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响,试验选用45只1.5岁、健康的欧拉羊羯羊随机分成舍饲组、放牧组和放牧补饲组,进行为期60 d的试验,分别于第0,30,60天时测定各组羊只体重与体尺指标。试验结束时,各组随机选取3只羊进行屠宰并测定胴体性状及肉品质。结果表明:放牧补饲对羊只体重、日增重、体高、体长和胸围的促进作用低于舍饲,但优于放牧;舍饲组与放牧补饲组羊只的胴体重、屠宰率、肉重、净肉率和后腿重均显著高于放牧组(P<0.05)。放牧补饲组羊只肌肉中的碳水化合物含量显著低于舍饲组(P<0.05),而放牧组与放牧补饲组羊只肌肉中的粗蛋白含量均显著高于舍饲组(P<0.05)。放牧组羊只肌肉中的天门冬氨酸、谷氨酸、苏氨酸、异亮氨酸、组氨酸和赖氨酸含量显著高于舍饲组(P<0.05),放牧组与放牧补饲组羊只肌肉中的缬氨酸和亮氨酸含量均显著高于舍饲组(P<0.05),而放牧组与放牧补饲组比较各种氨基酸含量均差异不显著(P>0.05)。说明在牧草返青期采用放牧补饲的方式进行饲养可以较好地提高羊肉产量与品质。

To investigate the effect of feeding manners on growth properties, slavghter performance and meat quality of Oula sheep during herbage recovery period, 45 1.5-years-old healthy Oula wethers were chosen as experimental animals and randomly divided into drylot feeding group, nature grazing group and grazing with supplementary feeding group. During the 60-day test period, the body weight and size were measured at day 0, 30 and 60, respectively. At the end of the experiment, three sheep were randomly selected for slavghter and the carcass trait and meat qvality were determined. The results showed that the change of body weight daily weight gain, body height, body length and chest circumference in the grazing with supplementary feeding group was lower than those in the drylot feeding group, but better than those in the nature grazing group. Carcass weight, dressing percentage, meat weight, meat percentage and hind leg weight in both the drylot feeding and grazing with supplementary feeding groups were significantly higher(P<0.05) that those in the grazing group. The carbohydrate content in the muscle of sheep in the grazing with supplementary feeding group was significantly lower than that in the drylot feeding group(P<0.05). The protein content in the muscle of sheep in both the nature grazing group and the grazing with supplementary feeding group was significantly higher than that in the feedlot group(P<0.05). The contents of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, threonine, isoleucine, histidine and lysine in the muscle of sheep in the nature grazing group were significantly higher than those in the drylot feeding group(P<0.05). The contents of valine and leucine in sheep muscle in both the nature grazing group and the grazing with supplementary feeding group were significantly higher than those in the drylot feeding group(P<0.05), while the differences in the contents of various amino acids between the nature grazing group and the grazing with supplementary feeding group were not significant(P>0.05). The results indicated that the grazing with supplementary feeding could improve the yield and quality of mutton during herbage recovery period.