运动结合团体心理辅导对大学生手机成瘾的干预效果评价

Smartphone addiction intervention through sports combining with group psychological training among college students

目的探讨运动结合团体心理辅导对智能手机成瘾大学生心理渴求、成瘾程度及共患抑郁、焦虑程度的干预效果,为改善大学生智能手机成瘾问题提供科学、有效、可行的路径。方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法选取信阳职业技术学院1678名大一和大二学生,将其中148名智能手机成瘾者随机分为3组(运动组49名、团体心理辅导组50名、运动+团体辅导组49名)。采用大学生智能手机成瘾量表(Smartphone Addiction Scvale,SAS-C)评价成瘾程度;视觉模拟评分法(Visual Analogue Scale,VAS)评定心理渴求程度;汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton Depression Scale,HAMD)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(Hamilton Anxiety Scale,HAMA)评价焦虑、抑郁程度。所有量表均分别于干预前、干预后、干预后3个月各评定1次。结果干预后、干预后3个月与干预前比较,3组对象的SAS-C、VAS、HAMD、HAMA得分均随着时间的延长呈降低趋势(F值分别为36.05,38.54,37.27,39.27,P值均<0.01),相同时间点的评分均为运动+团体辅导组最低,团体辅导组次之,运动组最高(F值分别为34.33,32.36,32.34,34.96,P值均<0.01)。3组对象在干预3个月后仍有抑郁和焦虑症状。结论运动、团体心理辅导、运动+团体辅导均可不同程度地抑制智能手机成瘾者心理渴求和成瘾及共患抑郁、焦虑程度,运动+团体辅导组抑制效果最好,团体辅导组次之,运动组较差。

Objective To explore the intervention effect of sports combined with group psychological counseling on the psychological craving,addiction sererity,as well as comorbid depression with anxiety severity of college students with smartphone addiction.Methods Totally 148 smart-phone addicts were randomly divided into 3 groups(sports group 49 students,group psychological counseling group 50 students,sports group counseling group 49 students).Smartphone addiction was evaluated by using the University Student Smartphone Addiction Scale(SAS-C);the degree of mental hunger was assessed by the Visual Analog Scale(VAS);the Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)were used to evaluate the degree of anxiety and depression.All scales were evaluated before intervention,after intervention and 3 months after the intervention.ResultsThe SAS-C,VAS,HAMD,HAMA scores of the three groups decreased with time(F=36.05,38.54,37.27,39.27,P<0.01),and the scores were the lowest in the sports group counseling group,SAS-C,VAS,HAMD,HAMA followed by the group counseling group and the highest in the sports group(F=34.33,32.36,32.34,34.96,P<0.01).Howevey,all the 3 groups still had depression and anxiety symptoms after 3 months of intervention.Conclusion Sports,group psychological counseling,sports combined with group counseling can all differentially help decreasing the psychological cravings and addiction levels of smartphone addicts and severity of depression and anxiety with the latter shows the highest effectiveness,followed by the group counseling and sports intervention alone.