济南市中心城区地表热环境时空变化分析

Analysis of temporal and spatial changes of surface thermal environment in Jinan city center

针对目前众多学者主要针对夏季热环境进行研究,分析方法相对单一,且融合地理探测器等多种方法针对不同季节相关分析研究相对较少的问题,该文基于2017—2018年Landsat8遥感数据,反演济南市中心城区四季的地表温度,综合运用景观格局指数法和剖面法分析不同季节热环境空间分布变化;利用相关性分析方法和地理探测器模型针对地表遥感指标和热环境进行相关性和影响力研究。结果表明:济南市中心城区除冬季,地表温度分布东高西低,与自然地表、工业生产、人口活动等区位要素关联密切;气温骤降与骤增导致温度斑块割裂、聚合;水体、水汽与建筑的交互作用对春、夏、秋季的城市热环境影响最大,水体与不透水面(交互因子:0.392952)对冬季热环境交互影响最大;城市热环境的空间分异特征受多因子影响,其中植被与水体(交互因子:0.379927)、植被与水汽(交互因子:0.380707)协同降温效应最优,建筑与植被(交互因子:0.278922)协同保温效应最优。

Aiming at the problem that many scholars currently focused on thermal environment in summer, relatively simple analysis method, and the integration of a variety of methods related to geographic detectors for analysis of relatively few different seasons. Based on the Landsat8 remote sensing data from 2017 to 2018,this paper inverted the surface temperature of the four seasons in Jinan’s central urban area, and comprehensively used the landscape pattern index method and profile method to analyze the spatial distribution changes of the thermal environment in different seasons. Correlation analysis methods and geographic detector models were used to study correlation and influence on remote sensing indicators and thermal environment. The results showed that: except for winter, the surface temperature distribution of Jinan city center was high in the east and low in the west, and was closely related to the location factors of natural surface, industrial production, and population activities;sudden drop in temperature and sudden increase led to the fragmentation and aggregation of temperature patches;interaction between water bodies, water vapor and buildings had the greatest impact on the urban thermal environment in spring,summer,and autumn,and the water body and the impervious surface(interaction factor:0.392 952)had the largest interaction impact on the winter thermal environment;the spatial differentiation characteristics of the urban thermal environment were affected by multiple factors,including vegetation and water(interaction factor:0.379 927),vegetation and water vapor(interaction factor 0.380 707)had the best synergistic cooling effect,and building and vegetation(interaction factor:0.278 922)had the best synergistic insulation effect.