恢复性司法对刑罚权的合理调整

On the Amendment of Restorative Justice to Penalty Power

传统的刑罚权理论对于正义的理解是"制裁",为了满足被害人本身的情绪以及社会舆论的需要,必须通过国家对犯罪人施以刑罚来体现报应的正义。而恢复性司法认为对正义的追求要体现"恢复",即修复被破坏的社会关系,通过要求犯罪人积极赔偿被害人所受到的损失并真诚地悔罪获得宽恕,从而帮助犯罪人更好地回归社区。恢复性司法讲究恢复之后其效果的稳固与持久,解决刑事犯罪中的冲突是其关注的焦点,强调要根据不同的案情对犯罪进行具体的对待和适合的处理,犯罪发生的根源需要不断地发掘及努力地探寻。建立在宽容、理解及帮助之上的"恢复"是恢复性司法看重的最优的选择,而惩罚与强制在改造犯罪人方面是低效的也是不恰当的,是不利于恢复的手段。"恢复"理念丰富和扩展了社会控制的手段与方法,在一定程度上,恢复性司法具备防范及限制国家刑权力滥用的功能。

In order to meet the needs of the victim’s emotions and public opinion,the justice of retribution must be reflected by the punishment imposed by the state on the offender.Restorative justice believes that the pursuit of justice should reflect"recovery",that is,to repair the damaged social relations,and help the criminals return to the community better by requiring the criminals to actively compensate the victims for the losses and sincerely repent to get forgiveness.Restorative justice emphasizes the stability and persistence of its effect after recovery,and the solution to the conflict in criminal crime is its focus.It emphasizes the specific treatment and appropriate treatment of crime according to different cases,and the root causes of crime need to be constantly explored and explored."Recovery"based on tolerance,understanding and help is the best choice for restorative justice,while punishment and coercion are inefficient and inappropriate in reforming criminals,which is not conducive to recovery.The concept of"restoration"enriches and expands the means and methods of social control.To a certain extent,restorative justice has the function of preventing and limiting the abuse of national criminal power.