湖南新化方言的双及物结构探析

Analysis of the Ditransitive Structure in Hunan Xinhua Dialect

湖南新化方言双及物结构分为给予义双及物结构和非给予义双及物结构两大类。给予义双及物结构的固有句法形式主要是“双宾B式”和“介宾补语式”,还有动介复合A式、动介复合B式和介宾状语式等与给予义相关的其他双及物结构。“双宾B式”主要是老派使用,“介宾补语式”是老派、新派常用的优势结构,“介宾补语式”中用“来”作给予介标的用法十分独特。双及物结构中的非给予义双及物结构有取得义双及物结构、受损义双及物结构和等同义双及物结构,其句法形式均为“双宾A式”。

Ditransitive structures in Xinhua dialect of Hunan Province can be divided into two categories:giving and non-giving ditransitive structures.The inherent syntactic forms of the ditransitive structure of giving meaning are mainly“double object type B”and“preposition object complement type”,and there are other ditransitive structures related to giving meaning,such as verb preposition compound type A,verb preposition compound type B and preposition object adverbial type.“Double object type B”is mainly used by the old school.At the meantime,“preposition object complement type”is the advantage structure commonly used by the old school and the new school.“Preposition object complement type”uses“Lai(来)”as the reference mark,which is extremely unique.The non-giving ditransitive structure in ditransitive structures includes acquisition ditransitive structure,damaged ditransitive structure and other synonymous ditransitive structure.Their syntactic forms are“double object type A”.