细菌响应过量活性氧的存活策略及相关研究进展

Survival strategies of bacteria in response to excessive reactive oxygen species: a review

活性氧(Reactive Oxygen Species,ROS)是指基态氧分子获取电子后形成的一类具有高反应活性的物质。有氧呼吸电子传递链产生的内源ROS能维持细菌正常生理活性,而由消毒、抗生素和物理场等处理产生的外源ROS会随着处理时间和强度增加而累积产生。过量ROS会给细菌带来氧化压力,导致氧化损伤,甚至影响其活性。本文综述了过量ROS诱导细菌氧化应激反应并以非芽胞状态存活,阐述过量ROS与特殊状态的形成、复苏或修复甚至死亡过程的关联性,以期为有效控制腐败菌和致病菌的技术创新提供理论基础。

Reactive oxygen species(ROS) refers to a category of highly reactive substances formed by ground-state oxygen molecules acquiring electrons. ROS can be generated by aerobic respiration electron transport chain that helps maintain normal physiological activity of bacteria. Lots of exogenous ROS are generated and accumulated during cleaning and disinfection, medical treatment, etc. Excessive ROS would bring oxidative stress, lead to oxidative damage, and even affect activities of bacteria. In this review, we analyze the oxidative stress response induced by excessive ROS, the correlation between excessive ROS and the formation, recovery or repair of special non-spore status of bacteria, and even leading to their death, to provide reference for the innovation of effective control of spoilage and pathogenic bacteria.