三维金属氧化物纳米材料的研究进展

Progress in three-dimensional metal oxide nanomaterials

三维金属氧化物纳米材料(3D-MONs)具有独特的连续多孔网络结构特点,不仅使其保留了金属氧化物特有的化学性质,而且表现出低密度、高比表面积、高孔隙率、低热导率等优异的物理性能,是近年来纳米材料领域一个新的研究热点。综述了3D-MONs制备方法的研究进展,重点介绍了水热合成法、溶胶-凝胶法、模板法、溶液喷射法、直接发泡法,并对其共性与差异进行了讨论;探讨了3D-MONs在污水治理、空气净化、储能、隔热领域应用的研究进展;在此基础上,提出了合成3D-MONs需要解决的问题及其应用展望。

As a newly developing continuous porous nanomaterial,three-dimensional metal oxide nanomaterials(3D-MONs)have triggered increased interest,which not only maximally keep the unique inherited chemical nature of metal oxides,but also endow them with excellent physical properties,including extremely low density,high specific surface area,high porosity as well as low thermal conductivity.This article mainly featured recent research progress towards various preparation methods of 3D-MONs,such as hydrothermal synthesis,sol-gel method,template method,solution blow-spinning technique and direct foaming method.Their similarities and differences were discussed.Applications of 3D-MONs in sewage treatment,air cleaning,energy storage and thermal insulation were also discussed.On this basis,the problems to be solved in the synthesis of 3D-MONs and their application prospects are propose.