目的国服务贸易限制政策是否阻碍了中国企业出口规模扩张?

Does Service Trade Restriction Policy of Destination Country Hinder Expansion of Chinese Enterprises’Export Scale?

根据经合组织统计的各国服务贸易限制政策条款,先对具体政策条款赋值,接下来加权得到衡量服务贸易限制的STRI指标,最终检验目的国服务贸易限制对中国企业出口规模的影响。研究发现:在控制引力模型的其他变量以及企业-产品层面的特征变量后,目的国服务贸易限制政策显著阻碍了中国企业出口规模扩张,且阻碍作用对一般贸易企业、大中型企业更明显。对影响机制而言,服务贸易限制政策造成的固定成本阻碍了企业出口的扩展边际,而引起的可变成本阻碍了企业出口的集约边际,其中,对集约边际的阻碍作用更大;进一步对集约边际分解发现,目的国服务贸易限制政策降低了企业出口产品数量,但提高了企业出口产品价格。另外,拓展研究发现,目的国数字化服务贸易开放能够缓解服务贸易限制政策对企业出口的阻碍作用。

According to the OECD’s statistics of service trade restriction policy clauses of various countries,specific policy clauses are assigned values,the weighted STRI indicator is obtained to measure the service trade restriction,and the impact of the service trade restriction of the destination country on the export scale of Chinese enterprises is tested.The study finds out that after controlling other variables in the gravity model and characteristic variables at the firm-product level,the service trade restriction policy of the destination country has significantly hindered the expansion of Chinese enterprises’export scale,and the hindering effect is more obvious for general trading enterprises and large and medium-sized enterprises.As far as the impact mechanism is concerned,the fixed cost caused by the service trade restriction policy hinders the expansion of the export margin of the enterprise,and the variable cost hinders the intensive margin of the export of the enterprise.Among them,the hindering effect on the intensive margin is even greater.Further intensive margin decomposition finds that the service trade restriction policy of the destination country reduces the quantity of export products of enterprises,but increases the price of export products of enterprises.In addition,extended research has found that the opening of digital service trade in destination countries can alleviate the hindrance of service trade restriction policies on enterprise exports.