阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者呼吸功能与颈动脉内膜中层厚度的关系研究

Relationship between respiratory function and carotid intima-media thickness in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnea syndrome

目的探究阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome, OSAHS)呼吸功能与颈动脉病变程度的关系,以提高对OSAHS的评估。方法选择2016年7月-2019年12月于安吉县第三人民医院治疗的OSAHS患者127例作为研究对象,均行多导睡眠监测(polysomnography, PSG),根据TS90%将患者分为轻度低氧组(34例)、中度低氧组(52例)和重度低氧组(41例),比较不同组别PSG指标、颈动脉斑块检出率、颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT),采用Pearson相关分析探究PSG指标与颈动脉IMT的关系。结果轻度低氧组呼吸紊乱指数(AHI)、氧减指数(ODI)、氧减时间均低于中度低氧组和重度低氧组(均P<0.05),轻度低氧组LSaO_2为(77.47±6.58)%,高于中度低氧组[(72.37±7.37)%]和重度低氧组[(68.37±6.90)%]。轻度低氧组IMT、斑块数量以及斑块Crouse积分均低于中度低氧组和重度低氧组(均P<0.05)。3组斑块检出率分别为14.71%、25.00%、53.66%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=14.793,P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析显示,IMT与AHI、ODI和最大氧减呈正相关(均P<0.05),与LSaO_(2)呈负相关(r=-0.605,P<0.05)。结论 OSAHS呼吸功能与颈动脉病变相关,其中AHI、ODI越高,其IMT越高,在临床上需要早期明确PSG相关指标并及时干预,降低颈动脉病变程度。

Objective To explore the relationship between respiratory function and carotid artery lesions in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).Methods A total of 127 patients with OSAHS who were treated in the Anji Third People's Hospital from July 2016 to December 2019 were selected as the research objects.All patients were divided into mild hypoxia group(n=34),moderate hypoxia group(n=52)and severe hypoxia group(n=41).Polysomnography(PSG)index,carotid plaque detection rate and intima-media thickness(IMT)of the different groups were compared.Pearson correlation was used to analyse the relationship between PSG and carotid IMT.Results apnea-hypopnea index(AHI),Oxygen Desaturation Index(ODI)and oxygen desaturation lasting time in mild hypoxia group were lower than those in moderate hypoxia group and severe hypoxia group(all P<0.05).lowest oxygen saturation(LSaO_(2))in mild hypoxia group was(77.47±6.58)%,which was higher than that in moderate hypoxia group[(72.37±7.37)%]and severe hypoxia group[(68.37±6.90)%].IMT,plate number and Crouse score in mild hy-poxia group were lower than those in moderate hypoxia group and severe hypoxia group(all P<0.05).The detection rates of plaque in the mild,moderate and severe hypoxia groups were 14.71%,25.00%and 53.66%,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=14.793,P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that IMT was positively correlated with AHI,ODI and Maximal accumulated oxygen deficit(MAOD,all P<0.05)and negatively correlated with LSaO_(2)(r=-0.605,P<0.05).Conclusion The respiratory function of patients with OSAHS is related to carotid artery disease.The higher the AHI and ODI,the higher the IMT.PSG-related indexes must be identified and intervened in time to reduce the degree of carotid artery disease.