青海省海东市一起布鲁菌病暴发疫情的流行病学调查

An epidemiological survey of an outbreak of brucellosis in Haidong City,Qinghai Province

目的:分析青海省海东市1起布鲁菌病(简称布病)暴发疫情的发生原因及流行病学特征,为布病防控提供科学依据。方法:采用回顾性研究方法,自"中国疾病预防控制信息系统"收集青海省海东市2019年布病疫情数据、现场个案调查、血清学检测结果等资料,进行描述性流行病学分析。结果:疫情共确诊布病患者3例,均为养殖场饲养员;重点人群排查发现隐性感染者1例,为确诊患者同村村民;4人均有染疫羊只密切接触史。畜间调查共采集涉疫养殖场内的羊血清110份、牛血清7份,其中阳性样本26份,均为羊血清;同村羊血清568份、牛血清17份,均为阴性。结论:重点职业人群无防护接触染疫羊只是此次疫情的主要原因。应大力开展布病防治知识健康教育,提高群众防病意识;加强相关部门对畜间布病的监测,有效控制畜间布病传播,防止人间布病的发生。

Objective To analyze the causes and epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of brucellosis in Haidong City Qinghai Province,and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of brucellosis.Methods Using the retrospective research method,the epidemic data on brucellosis,field case investigations,serological test results in Haidong City,Qinghai Province in 2019 were collected from the"China Disease Prevention and Control Information System",and the above data were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological analysis.Results There were 3 confirmed brucellosis patients,who were breeders of the farm;1 case of latent infection was found in key population,who was villager from the same village as the confirmed patients;4 people had a history of close contact with infected sheep.A total of 110 sheep serum and 7 bovine serum samples were collected in the animal breeding area,of which 26 were positive,all were sheep serum;568 sheep serum and 17 bovine serum samples in the same village were negative.Conclusions The key occupational groups contacted with infected sheep without protection is the main cause of this epidemic.Health education on brucellosis prevention and control should be vigorously carried out to improve the awareness of the people to prevent the disease;the monitoring of animal brucellosis by relevant departments should be strengthened to effectively control the spread of animal brucellosis,and prevent the occurrence of human brucellosis.