人力资本结构高级化推动中国制造业结构升级了吗

Does Human Capital Structure Upgrading Promotes China’s Manufacturing Structure Upgrading

人力资本是支撑一国产业结构升级的重要基础。本文探讨了人力资本结构高级化影响制造业结构升级的机制,并基于FGLS模型进行了实证检验。结果表明:人力资本结构高级化对资本和技术密集型制造业的影响显著为正,对劳动密集型制造业影响显著为负,说明其能有效促进制造业结构升级;分区域检验表明人力资本结构高级化对制造业结构升级的促进作用呈现由东向中、西部递减的趋势;分位数回归结果显示,人力资本结构高级化对资本密集型制造业的推动作用大于对技术密集型制造业的促进作用。中介效应检验表明技术创新、工资上升是这一过程重要的传导机制。为此,政府在注重人力资本积累的同时应更重视人力资本结构高级化,并结合各地区人力资本结构和产业发展的差异实施差异化的人才培养、智力扶持政策。

Human capital is an important foundation for supporting the upgrading of a country’s industrial structure.This article explores the mechanism of the advancement of human capital structure affecting the upgrading of manufacturing structure,and empirically tests whether the advancement of human capital structure promotes the upgrading of manufacturing structure based on the FGLS model.The results show that the advancement of human capital structure has a significant positive impact on capital-intensive and technology-intensive manufacturing,and a significant negative impact on labor-intensive manufacturing,indicating that it can effectively promote the upgrading of manufacturing structure;sub-regional tests suggest that the advancement of human capital structure’s role in promoting the upgrading of manufacturing structure shows a downward trend from the east to the middle and the west.The quantile regression results show that the advancement of human capital structure promotes capital-intensive manufacturing more than technology-intensive manufacturing.The mediation effect test shows that technological innovation and relative wage rise are important transmission mechanisms.For this reason,the government should pay more attention to the advancement of human capital structure while focusing on human capital accumulation,and implement differentiated personnel training and intellectual support policies in accordance with the differences in human capital structure and industrial development in various regions.