传统村落文化遗产村民感知意向与传承意愿研究——以张谷英村为例

Study on Villagers’Perception Intention and Inheritance Willingness of Traditional Villages Cultural Heritage:A Case Study on Zhangguying Village

作为传统村落最重要的活动主体,村民的认知态度与行为选择将直接影响文化遗产的保护与传承。因此了解村民对文化遗产的感知意向与传承意愿,对于推进传统村落文化保护与传承工作至关重要。以湖南岳阳张谷英村为例,从认知维度、价值维度和情感维度出发探究村民对文化遗产的感知意向,从行为维度出发探究村民对文化遗产的传承意愿,运用因子分析、Spearman相关分析、多元线性回归分析等方法,对村民感知意向与传承意愿的整体特征、影响因素、耦合关系进行分析。研究结果显示:1)张谷英村村民对本地文化遗产的总体认同度高,村民的感知意向和传承意愿得分均处于高值区[3.5,5],但感知意向(3.73)略高于传承意愿(3.70);2)年龄和居住时间是影响村民文化遗产总体认同度的重要因素,其中感知意向主要受年龄和居住时间影响,传承意愿仅受居住时间影响;3)在探明村民感知意向与传承意愿呈极显著正相关基础上,以多元线性回归方法,建立了以感知意向的认知维度、价值维度和情感维度为自变量、以传承意愿的行为维度为因变量的回归模型,验证了感知意向与传承意愿间真实存在因果关系,其中情感维度对行为维度的影响最大。根据研究结果,提出了以村民为核心、多元主体协同共治的传统村落文化遗产保护与传承优化策略。

As the most important activity subject in traditional villages,villagers’cognitive attitudes and behavior choices will directly affect the protection and inheritance of cultural heritage.Therefore,understanding the villagers’perception intention and willingness to inherit cultural heritage is essential for the protection and inheritance of traditional village culture.The study took Zhangguying Village,Yueyang City,Hunanprovince as an example.And the study explored the villagers’perception of cultural heritage from the cognitive,value and emotional dimensions,and explored the villagers’willingness to inherit cultural heritage from the behavioral dimension.Then this study comprehensively used factor analysis,Spearman correlation analysis,multiple linear regression analysis and other methods to analyze the overall characteristics,influencing factors,coupling relationships of the villagers’perception intentions and inheritance willingness.The research results show:1)The villagers of Zhangguying Village have a high overall recognition of the local cultural heritage.The scores of the villagers’perception intention and inheritance willingness are both in the high value area[3.5,5],but the perception intention(3.73)is slightly higher than inheritance willingness(3.70).2)The important factors affecting the overall identity of the villagers’cultural heritage are age and residence time.Perception intention is mainly affected by age and residence time,while inheritance intention is only affected by residence time.3)On the basis of probing the extremely significant positive correlation between the villagers’perception intention and inheritance willingness,a regression model was established by the method of multiple linear regression.This model takes the cognitive,value,and emotional dimensions of perception intention as independent variables,and takes the behavioral dimension of inheritance intention as dependent variables.This model verifies that there is a real causal relationship between perception intention and inheritance intention,and the emotional dimension has the greatest impact on the behavior dimension.Based on the results of this study,some optimization strategies for the protection and inheritance of cultural heritage of traditional villages are proposed.These optimization strategies have the characteristics of centering on villagers and co-governance by multiple subjects.