油用牡丹栽培技术研究

Research on cultivation technique of oil peony

本文以安徽铜陵3年生油用牡丹为研究对象,采用正交试验分析基肥种类及用量、栽植密度和追肥措施对油用牡丹植株生长状况及果实经济性状的影响。结果表明:油用牡丹引种栽培后第二年的平均抽梢长度为28.53 cm、单果鲜重为9.39 g、干果出籽率为29.58%、干籽出仁率为46.35%。在考察指标中,单株结果数、一级分枝数和单果鲜重的变异系数较高,分别达到40.20%、27.44%和13.55%,说明这3个指标的变异幅度较广,可进一步优化栽培条件从而获得更佳的表现。此外,通过极差分析发现基肥种类及用量、栽植密度对油用牡丹生长状况及果实经济性状的影响程度均高于追肥措施的影响,在栽植油用牡丹时应着重考虑基肥和栽植密度的影响,选择最佳的基肥和密度。适当的遮阴能有效提高油用牡丹落叶时间,促进根系二次发育。

In this paper,the effects of base fertilizer type and dosage,planting density and topdressing measures on the growth status and fruits economic characters of oil peony were analyzed by orthogonal test.The results showed that the average length of new branch was 28.53 cm,the fruits fresh weight was 9.39 g,the percentage of seed yield from dried fruits was 29.58%and the percentage of kernel yield from dried seeds was 46.35%.The results pointed that the coefficient variation of the number of fruits in plant,the length of primary branches and the single fresh weight were 40.20%,27.44%and 13.55%,respectively.In addition,it was found that the variety and dosage of base fertilizer and planting density had higher influence on the growth status and economic characters of oil peony.Proper shade can effectively improve the time of leaves in oil peony and promote the secondary development of root system.