我国生物遗传资源获取与惠益分享的法律框架与地方实践

Legal Framework of Access and Benefit-Sharing for Genetic Resources and Local Practice in China

生物遗传资源作为生态系统的重要组成部分,具有生态要素和自然资源的双重属性。建立公平公正的生物遗传资源获取与惠益分享机制,对于平衡生物遗传资源的保护与利用、保障生态安全发挥着至关重要的作用。我国高度重视生物遗传资源获取与惠益分享的政策和法制建设。本文深入分析了我国生物遗传资源获取与惠益分享的政策基础、法律体系、主要法律制度和地方立法实践,研究了现行政策和立法的体系构建、制度安排和运行方式,对完善我国生物遗传资源保护法律体系具有重要意义。

As an important component of the ecosystem,genetic resources are both an ecological element and a natural resource.A fair and equitable mechanism for genetic resource access and benefit sharing is crucial for balancing the protection and utilization of genetic resources and ensuring ecological safety.China has attached great importance to policies and legal systems on the access and benefit sharing of genetic resources.This paper studies the policy basis,legal system,main legal provisions and local practices regarding access and benefit sharing of genetic resources,hoping to contribute to improving the legal systemfor the protection of genetic resources in China.