西藏极高海拔地区草原保护与利用探讨

Investigation on the Grassland Protection and Utilization of Extreme High Altitude Regions in Tibet

西藏极高海拔区域是西藏生态环境保护的脆弱区域,也是我国生态环境保护的重点区域。本文针对西藏极高海拔草业发展的现有条件和制约因素,分析了西藏海拔4300 m以上极高海拔区域草原生态、草场承包、草场建设等草业发展现状,指出了草场生产能力低、保护草原法律意识不强、草原管理体制机制不健全、保护与开发矛盾凸显等存在的问题,并探讨性开展了极高海拔区域草原普查、草原水利勘测、毒草和鼠虫害综合治理、草场补播、草群复壮等基础研究,为处理好保护与开发建设的关系,促进草业发展提出了可行性建议。

Extreme high altitude regions in Tibet is ecologically vulnerable area,also is the key area of ecological environment protection.According to the existing condition and constraints of pratacultural development in extreme high altitude regions in Tibet,this paper analyzed the present situa⁃tion of pratacultural development of extreme high altitude regions in Tibet which altitude over than 4300m,including grassland ecosystem,grassland contract,grassland construction and so on.The author pointed out some problems,including low production capacity of grassland,weak law aware⁃ness in grassland protection,imperfect system of grassland management and contradiction between protection and development.In conclusion,this ar⁃ticle brought forth a proposal tentatively on grass industry development,specifically in carrying out grassland survey of extreme high altitude regions,developing water conservancy survey of grassland,enhancing comprehensive treatment on poisonous weeds,rodents and pests,promoting basic re⁃search on resowing and rejuvenation of grassland,handling well the relationship between protection and development.