酿酒酵母中基于外壳蛋白复合物Ⅱ囊泡的蛋白分泌调控机制的研究进展

Progress in the Regulation Mechanism of COPⅡVesicles for Protein Secretion in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae

在酿酒酵母中,外壳蛋白复合物Ⅱ(COPⅡ)包裹的囊泡是蛋白质从内质网转运至高尔基体的媒介,其中COPⅡ囊泡介导的运输是蛋白分泌途径中至关重要的一步。COPⅡ囊泡的运输包括囊泡形成、出芽、束缚和融合。整个过程需要外壳蛋白亚基、三磷酸鸟苷(GTP)、束缚因子等多种组分的参与,且部分组分之间存在的相互作用确保了蛋白质的正确运输。研究对COPⅡ囊泡整个运输过程中受到的外壳亚基组装、蛋白质捕获以及膜融合等一系列调控机制进行较系统综述,有望为改造酿酒酵母中蛋白分泌途径提供参考。

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae,vesicles wrapped by coat protein complexⅡ(COPⅡ)are the media for protein transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi.The transportation of COPⅡvesicles includes the following steps:formation,budding,binding and fusion.The transportation process requires the participation of multiple components such as coat protein subunits,guanosine triphosphate(GTP)and tethering factors,and the interaction between some of the components ensures the correct transport of proteins.This review systematically discussed a series of regulatory mechanisms such as coat subunit assembly,protein capture,and membrane fusion during the COPⅡvesicle transport process,which provides reference for protein secretion engineering in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.