高铁网络化建设是否有利于科技创新?

Does the Construction of High-speed Rail Network Promote Technological Innovation?

基于2012-2018年175个城市间的高铁流数据,从整体和个体两个层面测度城市联系网络拓扑特征,运用固定效应模型深入分析网络资本对科技创新的影响;并利用面板门槛模型检验政府财政科技支出和研发资本投入在网络中心性门槛约束下对科技创新影响的差异性。研究结果表明:在引入控制变量条件下,网络特征对创新有显著促进作用,且中心性影响更大;网络属性对科技创新影响在城市位置和规模方面表现出异质性;接近中心性提升与R&D资本投入交互项对中小城市有较大的促进作用,存在大城市向中小城市的正向溢出;网络中心性表现为单一门槛特征,当其跨过门槛值时,政府财政科技支出和研发资本投入对科技创新的促进作用进一步提升,其调节作用呈现出“梯度式”增强的特征。

Based on the high-speed rail flow data between 175 cities in 2012-2018,the topological characteristics of the urban connection network are measured from the overall and individual levels and the fixed-effect model is used to deeply analyze the impact of network capital on technological innovation;and the panel threshold model is used to test government financial differences in the impact of technology expenditure and R&D capital investment on technology innovation under the constraints of network-centric threshold.The research results show:under the condition of introducing control variables,network characteristics have a significant promotion effect on innovation and the centrality has a greater impact;the influence of network attributes on technological innovation shows heterogeneity in terms of city location and scale;the R&D capital investment interaction item has a greater promotion effect on small and medium-sized cities,with a positive spillover from large cities to small and medium-sized cities;network centrality is characterized by a single threshold.When it crosses the threshold,the promotion effect of government's financial technology expenditure and R&D capital investment on scientific and technological innovation has been further enhanced,and its adjustment effect has shown the characteristic of"gradient"enhancement.